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2012 Aspen Reference Area <br />(Photographs 20 through 24) <br />COVER <br />(Table A -5) <br />Native perennial forbs were the predominant lifeform observed in the Aspen Reference Area, contributing <br />37.0 percent all -hit vegetation cover. Native trees and shrubs also contributed heavily with 33.3 and 32.2 <br />percent all -hit vegetation cover respectively - mountain snowberry contributed 16.3 percent, Saskatoon <br />serviceberry (Amelanchier alnifolia) contributed 7.6 percent and aspen (Populus tremuloides) contributed <br />33.3 percent all -hit vegetation cover. Native and introduced perennial cool season grasses also made <br />moderate contributions to cover with 9.5 percent and 5.6 percent all -hit vegetation cover, respectively. <br />Also observed in the area were the noxious weeds hound's tongue (Cynoglossum officinale, 3.4% cover) <br />and Canada thistle (Breea arvense, 1.5% cover) and bull thistle (Cirsium vulgare, 0.1%). <br />Total average vegetation cover for first hits was 77.1 percent. Allowable all -hit herbaceous vegetation <br />cover was 53.7 percent (Table C -1). Cover by standing dead, litter, bare soil and rock averaged 1.5, <br />18.3, 3.0 and 0.0 percent, respectively (first hit). Average species density was 35.1 species per 100 sq. <br />m. <br />PRODUCTION <br />(Table A -6) <br />Total herbaceous production in 2012 was 662.0 pounds per acre. Of this, 372.9 pounds were native <br />perennial forbs; 221.3 were native perennial cool season grasses and 55.3 were introduced perennial <br />cool season grasses. Three other lifeforms were present at less than 11 pounds per acre. <br />14 <br />