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06032 Banks and Gesso, LLC The Cushman sail is not generally suited to wind- hreaks or environmental plantings hecause of the limited available water capacity and rooting depth. Onsite inves- tigation is generally nestled to determine which special planting practices are needed to insure Survival of the plantings. The Bresser soil Is well suited to homesites and other urban uses and has only minor limitations that can be easily overcome, except for the steeper slopes. Special engineering designs are needed to overcome the limita- tion of slopes more than 8 percent. The Cushman soil is limited by moderate depth to bedrock and by slopes that exceed a percent. Special sewage systems, such as enclosed tanks that can be pumped out periodically, are neetletl. Septic tank absorption fieltls and sewage la- goons will not function properly because of betlrock and slope. This complex is in capability subclass Vle, nonirrigated. lhcuatlman-Ascalon complex, 4 to 78 percent alopec. These moderately deep end deep. well drained Bolls are on gentry eloping to rolling upland hills, ridges, and valley side slopes. Slopes are mostly shon and irtegular. Elevation ranges from about 5,300 to 8,400 feet. Average annual precipitation ranges from about 74 to 17 inches, and average annual air temperature is about 47 degrees F. The Cushman soil makes up about 55 pement of the unit and the Ascalon soil about 30 percent. The Cushman soil is mainty on the ddgetopa and steeper side slopes. The Ascalon soil Ls on the more gentry sloping end moderately sloping side slopes and toe slopes. Included with this complex in mapping, and making up about 18 percent of the unit, ere Bresser sandy loam end Kutch clay loam that are on 4 to a percent slopes. Also included are Renohill-LOUViers complex, 8 to 28 percent slopes, and small areas of shale and sandstone outcrops and gravelly ridges. The Cushman soil is moderately deep and formed in calcareous material weathered from interbedded shale and sandstone. Typically, the surface layer is pale brown loam about 4 inches thick. The subsoil is grayish brown clay loam to a depm of about 20 inches. The substratum is light brownish gray silty clay loam to a tlepth of about 34 inches. Below that is olive interbedded shale and sandstone. Permeabilky is moderate, entl available water capacity Is low to moderate. The effective rooting tlepth is 20 to 40 inches. Sudece runoff is medium, and the hazard of erosion is moderate to high. Some deep gullies have fortnetl along drainageways and stock trails. The Ascalon soil is deep end formed in calcareous alluvium. Typicaly, the surface layer is grayish brown sandy loam about 4 inches thick. The subsoil is brown sandy clay loam [o a depth of about 22 inches. The substratum is pale brown sandy loam and yellowish brown loamy sand to a depth of 80 inches. Permeabgity and available water capacity are moder- ate. Surface runoff is metlium, end the hazard of erosion is moderate. Most of these soils ere usetl for grazing. They have poor potential for cropland. The Cushman sail has poor potential far windbreaks and enWronmemal plantings and poor to fair potential for most engineering uses. The Ascalon soil has good potential for windbreaks and enW- ronmental plantings and good to fair potential for most engineering uses. Rangeland vegetation on the Cushman soil is blue grema, needlegrasses, prairie ~unegrasa, Sideoats grams, entl western wheetgress. Rangeland vegetation on the Ascalon soil is blue grema, prairie sendread, need- leandthread, and sideoats grema. When range condition deteriorates because of overgrazing or other uses, grasses, such as blue grema entl native bluegrasses, entl forts, such as hairy goldaster, increase. Beetling [he range is recommended to revegetete de- pleted areas in order to protect the soil from erosion entl soil blowing. Beetling to native grasses is desirable, but tl1e range may also be seetled with tame species of grasses, such as Nordan nested wheatprau, Russian vrildrye, pubescent wheatgrass, or intermediate wheat- grass. The Cushman soil is generally unsuitetl to windbreaks and environmental plantings. Onsite investigation is needed to determine which special planting practices are needed to insure survival. The Ascalon soil is generally suited to windbreaks entl environmental plantings. Soil Olovring is the main limitation to the establishment of trees and sMUba. This hazard can UB overcome by culti- vating only in the tree row and leaving a strip of vegeta- tive cover between the rows. Supplemental irrigation i3 generally necessary at the time of planting entl during dry periods. The main limiting sail features of the Cushman soil, for use as homesites or other urban purposes, is the pres- ents of sandstone and shale at a depth of 20 to a0 inches and steep slopes. Building sites and roads must 6e designed to overcame these features. Special sewage systems, such as enclosed tanks that can 6e pumped cut periodicalty, are needed. Sep[ic tank absorp- tion fieltls will not function propery because of the limit- ing soil features. The Ascalon soil is well suited to con- struction of homesites end other urban developments entl has onty minor limitations that can be easily modi- fied. Special engineering designs ere needed in order to compensate for slopes that are more than B percent. This complex is in capability subclass Vle, nonirrigated. The Denver Brick Company January 2007 Kiowa Clay Mine Page 17