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provide resources of a quality and amount that will augment and eventually replace those reserves that are <br />currently being mined by the proponent at other locations in Latimer and Weld counties. Development of the <br />project azea is further necessary to ensure adequate reserves of sand and gravel to meet long term needs in the <br />described service area and to meet increased demand for products in the near future. <br />6.21 Secondary and Cumulative Impacts. <br />Secondary impacts aze the effects on an aquatic ecosystem that aze associated with a discharge of dredged or fill <br />material, but do not result from the actual placement of the dredged or fill material. Secondary effects are caused <br />by the action and aze later in time or farther removed in distance, but aze still reasonably foreseeable. Cumulative <br />impacts aze the changes in an aquafic ecosystem that aze attributable to the collective effect of a number of <br />individual dischazges of dredged or fill material. Although the impact of a particular discharge may constitute a <br />minor change in itself, the cumulafive effect of numerous separate actions can result in a major impairment of the <br />water resources and interfere with the productivity and water quality of existing aquatic ecosystems, cumulafive <br />effects attributable to the discharge of dredged or fill material in waters of the United States should be predicted to <br />the extent reasonable and practicable. <br />Based on an evaluation of previous of Section 404 actions within the azea, secondary and cumulative impacts were <br />deteanined to be minimal. A map showing locations of previous Section 404 actions is shown on Attachment 6. <br />7. SECTION 404(b)(1) Guidelines[40 CFR Part 230] <br />7.1 404(b)(1) Evaluation. <br />The nature of the filling activity has been reviewed in accordance with the rules promulgated under Section 404(b)(1) <br />of the Clean Water Act and has been found to be in accordance with those regulations. The 404(b)(1) evaluation is <br />included as Attachment D. <br />7.2 Secondary and Cumulative Impacts. <br />The secondary impacts include the resultant construction of residential homes of low density that may introduce <br />domestic dogs and cats into the azea that could adversely impact the native fauna. A possibility exists that <br />household pollutants could also adversely impact the flora in the azea, but with the issuance of a 401 Water <br />Quality Certification from the state, the consequences of this on the environmental is considered to be <br />insignificant. The proposed site for the dischazge of dredged or fill material complies with the Section 404(b)(1) <br />guidelines, but is predicated upon the permittee complying with the Special Conditions of the permit. <br />Based on an evaluation of previous of Section 404 actions within the area, secondary and cumulative impacts of the <br />Corps Regulatory Program were detetnrined to be minimal. A map showing locations of previous Section 404 <br />actions is shown on Attachment 6." <br />8. Mitigation <br />See attached mitigation plan for details (Attachment 3). Because of the nature of this activity being reviewed <br />under an individual permit, and because ofNEPA regulations, the Corps has the authority to take jurisdiction over <br />all wetlands at a site (including non jurisdictional wetlands) and require mitigation for all impacted wetlands. <br />A total of 6.54 acres of wetlands will be impacted as a result of mining operations. Impacts include 5.44 acre of <br />oxbow wetlands and 1.10 acre of isolated oxbow and tailwater wetlands. This amount of disturbance represents <br />the greatest acreage of wetland avoidance economically feasible for the project. As mitigation for disturbance of <br />Project: Green & Croissant Aggregate Mining Applicant.' Loveland Ready Mix, Inc. Pg 25 of 53 <br />Corps File No: 200180205 Wa[enray: Big Thompson Wetlands, Weld County, CO <br />