GENERAL41483

• Permit No: M1995097
• IBM Index Class Name: General Documents
• Doc Name: BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH INTRODUCTION GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND LIST OF MINERALS
• Media Type: D
• Archive: No

INTRODUCTION
materials. Even today rich pockets of ore can be found marginal to
openings over 100 years old.
Stegen Illustrations
Two generalized diagrams, additionally appended to this
INTRODUCTION, illustrate the nature of the Smuggler orebody and the
methods used to extract it.ls
The first diagram is a large-scale (1" = 500') longitudinal
view through Smuggler mountain drawn essentially in the plane of
breccia I, which hosted the primary mineralization. This section
shows the principal shafts, tunnels, levels and stopes from
northeast of the Iowa shaft above Hunter Creek southeastward to
approximately the Roaring Fork River in Aspen, southeast of the
Mollie Gibson shaft, a distance of approximately 5,000 feet.
Vertically the Smuggler mountain workings extend from an elevation
of approximately 9,080 ft. at the collar of the Park Regent shaft
(not shown, but essentially behind the Bushwacker shaft, itself at
9,040 ft.) to the Smuggler 18th level at 6,550 ft., an elevation
difference of 3,530 feet.
The second diagram, a detail of part of the first diagram
with a plan view of the Smuggler No. 1 and No. 2 tunnels, consists
of a longitudinal section of the accessible workings of the
Smuggler mine. It again shows the principal shafts, tunnels,
levels and stopes in the plane of breccia I, and a simplified plan
view showing accessible portions of the Smuggler No. 1 and No. 2
tunnels. The English scale of this detail is approximately 1 inch
= 150 feet. The various shafts, inclines, raises, winzes and
stopes connecting the two tunnels are not shown in the plan view.
The first diagram particularly demonstrates the relationship
between the breccia I manto orebodies (mined-out areas, or stopes,
indicated by shading) and faults of the Della-Smuggler system which
descend through the longitudinal section from left to right at
angles of from 30° to 55° and are essentially perpendicular to
breccia I from this perspective. These are the "cross faults"
prominently mentioned in most of the geological references to the
Aspen district. They are believed to be the conduits for the
mineralizing fluids which rose from a deep magmatic source late in
or even after the Laramide mountain-building period (approximately
60 to 75 million years ago), and they were certainly instrumental
in localizing the richest ores along their intersections with
breccia I in Smuggler mountain and the Silver breccia in Aspen
mountain. Displacements along these faults are in the range of a
few feet to over 200 feet and universally down to the right
(southwest) making them normal faults. There is almost always a
is Adapted from the STEGEN REPORT, Figures 5 and 6.
Bruce A. Collins - XXV11 - SMUGGLER BIBLIOGRAPHY