GENERAL41483

• Permit No: M1995097
• IBM Index Class Name: General Documents
• Doc Name: BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH INTRODUCTION GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND LIST OF MINERALS
• Media Type: D
• Archive: No

Or ~U-2 . ~
INTRODUCTION
To contextually appreciate the involvement of the EPA in
Aspen and the administrative and legal actions that followed (and,
as of this writing, continue), a brief history of the discovery and
development of the Aspen ore deposits particularly as it relates to
Smuggler mountain and the Smuggler mine is in order. An
abbreviated discussion of the geology of the mineral deposits and
the mining methods used to extract them is also included.
The EPA
The first indication of potential contamination problems as
a result of Aspen's mining past came in 1981 when a Colorado State
University graduate student in agronomy reported high levels of
lead in flowers and vegetables grown in what became the Smuggler
Superfund Site.' EPA began investigation into the potential extent
' I have been informed that EPA, oddly, disclaims any precision as
to the locations of boundaries of its Superfund Site or the demarcation
between OU-1 and OU-2. Excellent mapping has been done by the private
sector and the demarcations of property ownership are clearly
established. Accordingly, I have used private sector material in my
descriptions and assumed that the demarcation between OU-1 and OU-2 is
coincidental with the long established, popularly recognized Della-S.
compromise line which, in turn, is coincident with the westerly endline
of the Smuggler Lode, USMS No. 1656, as patented and as extended
northerly.
' Details concerning the Environmental Protection Agency's
activities in Aspen are taken from N. A. MANGONE, Txe EFFECT OF A SUPERFUND SITE
DESIGNATION ON PROPERTY VALUES - $NUCGLER MOUNTAIN, ASPEN, COLORADO: A CASE STUDY, 7D
DENVER UNIVERSITY LAW REVIEW 511-535 (1993) (hereinafter the "MANGDNE ARTICLE").
The background portion of the MANGONE ARTICLE, id. 513-517, does not
differentiate between OU-1 and OU-2.
I must point out that there are several errors of fact in the
first part of the background section of the MANGONE ARTICLE, id. 513-514,
for example but not limited to the misnaming of the first railroad into
Aspen in 1887 as the Denver b Rio Grande Western instead of the Denver
b Rio Grande ("Western" was not added until a court-ordered
reorganization in November 1920), and the use of the term "Weber" for the
rock unit overlying the Leadville Limestone (this miscorrelation has been
recognized since 1944; the correct term is the Belden Formation; the
continued and equally inaccurate use of the term "Weber" by mining
engineers in the source cited by Ms. Mangone has been long and widely
recognized). The definitions of "breccia" and "stope" are incomplete and
misleading.
Bruce A. Collins - ix - SHUGGLER BIBLIOGRAPHY