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t ~ ~h; 6, f Z ~
<br />"Z`~ ~ SOIL SURVEY
<br />This soil ;,+rnerally is used as native range unless it
<br />occurs within fields of t.illoti soils. Tillage is difficult
<br />because of the ~+ravel and cobblestones. dome areas can-
<br />not be tilled unless~rat'el and cohblestmles are removed.
<br />This soil is ntollerutely susceptible to erotiion if poorly
<br />managed. (Capability unit VIe-1 nonirrigated; IIis-3
<br />irrigated)
<br />Menoken Series
<br />The soils of the llenoken series arc moderately deep,
<br />well drained or moderately well tit;tined, :uxl moderately
<br />fine testureti. The}' formed on upland slopes and at
<br />the upper end of allucinl fart iu uniform, calcareous
<br />Ilarent. nlaterinl weathered residually from the under-
<br />lying shale and siltstone. toils of this series ;u•e mod-
<br />erately extensive in the area, mainly east and south of
<br />the town of Olathe.
<br />Menokeu soils have :t light bl•otcnish-gray or gt.2yish-
<br />brown, friable, gruudar surface ]ay'er ~ to :~ inches thick.
<br />They hate a light. yclloa'ish-brown or light olive-brown,
<br />moderately fine testureti subsoil that has weak, prism;ttic
<br />structure ur moderate, subangulnr blocky structure. The
<br />substrutuut, below a depth of 1I to lr3 inches, is lislrt.
<br />brownish-gray, calcareous clay loam. .1 weak accumula-
<br />tion of secondnt.v calcium carbonate occurs in the lower
<br />part of the aubsoil :uul in the upper part of the substra-
<br />tmn. The depth to bedrock ranges from 1S to 40 inches.
<br />These soils are highly susceptible to erosion, particu-
<br />larly gully erosion. The orgmuc-mutter content is low,
<br />nod the structure is unstable.
<br />Typical profile of Dlenoken clay loam, 1,200 feet. east
<br />•ultl one-fourth mile north of the center of sec. 11, T. 50
<br />N., R. 10 1V. (1lfoutrose County)
<br />.11-0 to ~ inches. light clay lunw: light hrua~nish grtS
<br />1101"R ti/_) u•heu dry, gt;iyi>h Lnnvn (lOYR 6/2)
<br />when mni;t: moderate, fine, granular structure;
<br />slightly ]turd when drq, ren• friable when moist;
<br />calca renus; PH $.0; clear, smnnth Uoundary.
<br />B?-6 [0 18 inches, light clay loam; light Sullnn'ish brown
<br />(2.61' fiJ3) when dry, light olive Lrntrn l=~+iY 6/3)
<br />when moist; w'enk [o mndcra [e, medium, subnngular
<br />blocks structure: haul when dry, friable when moist;
<br />fevv, thin. Patchy clap films; c•alrareous; DH F.0;
<br />gradual, smooth bouudnry.
<br />Clc•a-H h, 21. inr--hex, light clap In:uu: Iighi. brotvuish grty
<br />(2.ir1 G/'?) when dry, grayish hnnvn (°_.6Y :/'?)
<br />when moist; massive; hard w'hrn dry, friable when
<br />amts[; weak accumulation of secnnda ry calcium cnr-
<br />bouute occurring as small concretions and thin
<br />seams anti streaks: a Yew rn'sta is of c:dcium sul-
<br />fate; calcareous; pH 5.4; gradual, smnnth Luanda q•.
<br />R-''?0 inches }, shale and siltstone : gradsh brown kr yelbrw
<br />platy: soft; unweathered ur pn rtlc wr:u tiered; cal-
<br />carcnus.
<br />These soils typically arc calcareous at the, surface, but
<br />in some. Flares the}' are leached to n depth of f. inches.
<br />The depth to bedrock ranges from 1S to -tll innltes; it is
<br />hard to rlntmnline iu some places because the upper part
<br />of the hedrocl: is so strongh~ weathered. Concretions
<br />of calcium carbonate nrnl rtlenun sulfate range froln
<br />tweak to moderate, and in some places thorn is no calcium
<br />sulfate.
<br />7u this :Area \Ienoken soils are mapped only tcith
<br />Chacra soils. Dlenol:en ,oils, wbic•h adjoin Billings its
<br />in mane places, are shallower to bedrock than telved
<br />soils and have a more weakly developed subsoil. Dleno-
<br />ken soils closely resemble Persayo soils but are deeper
<br />to bedrock ant have a more strongly developed subsoil.
<br />Dlenoken soils :u•e finer testureti than Chipeta soils, are
<br />deeper to bedrock, and have a more strongly developed
<br />subsoil.
<br />\Ienoken soils support shadscnle, mat saltbush, Gard-
<br />ner saltbush, and a scattered stand of galleta, Salina
<br />tcihh•ye, and squirrclt:til grasses.
<br />1lienoken-Chacra clay Loams, 0 to 2 percent slopes
<br />(MkAI.-These soils occur on a hand slopes where bedrock
<br />is fairly near the surface. Tie blenoken soil has a pro-
<br />file similar to the one described ns typical of the Meno-
<br />hen series, and the Chacra soil has a profile similar to
<br />that of the Chacra series. These soils are principally
<br />in the eastern and southeastern pparts of the Area.
<br />If irrigated, these soils can be used successfully for
<br />tilled crops. Shale bedrock near the surface restricts
<br />draiuoge, and consequently overirrigation could cause a
<br />harmful accumulation of soluble salts in places. These
<br />soils are moderately susceptible to erosimt if poorly man-
<br />aged. (Cnl'mbility unit VIs-1 nonirrigated; IVS-2 irri-
<br />gated)
<br />Mesa Series
<br />The soils of the Mesa series are deep, well drained,
<br />and moderately fine featured. They are grassland soils
<br />that formed on mesas and high terraces m gravelly or
<br />very gravelly, calcareous alluvium of mixed mineralogy.
<br />Soils of this series are extensive in this Area, mainly
<br />in the western half.
<br />I14esa soils have apinkish-gray or brown, friable, granu-
<br />lar surface ht}'er R to -t inches thick. They have a mod-
<br />erately well deceloped, brown or light-bI»o'n subsoil
<br />that is moderately fine textured anti has moderate, pris-
<br />m;ttic and blocky' structure. The substratum, below a
<br />depth of 15 to 16 inches, is very pale brown or brown
<br />loam that is calcareous and very g1.2velly and cobbly.
<br />:', strong accumulation of secondary cnlcwm carbonate
<br />occurs in the lower part of the subsoil and the upper
<br />hart. of the substratum. Generally, the depth to bedrock
<br />Is GO inches or more.
<br />These soils are susceptible to erosion if poorly man-
<br />aged. The organic-matter content is fairly ]ow, and
<br />the structure is only moderately stable.
<br />Typical profile of a i)fesa soil, 1/10 mile south and
<br />I/., mile east of the center of sec. 1, T. 4+J N., R. 10 ~V.
<br />(Dlontrose County)
<br />dl-0 to 8 iuches, loam; pinkish gray (7.6TR (./'?) when
<br />dry, hruwu or dark brown (7.6YR 4/'2) notion moist:
<br />utndmn[e to strong, One, grauulnr structure; hard
<br />when dry, eery friable when moist; noncalca remta;
<br />pIl iA; clear, smooth houndarc.
<br />R3t-1 br 12 iuches. clay loom; light hrmcn (Z:r]'R 0/31
<br />when dt;v, brown or dark brown tiSSR 8/31 when
<br />moist; moderate, floe, prismatic structure breaking
<br />rn unuh•rn to to strong, fine, satin ngulnr bincl:r; bard
<br />witeu dry, very frinhle when moist: thin. nearly com
<br />[iuuuus crop Olms; 5 to 10 percent grovel; noncnl-
<br />careuns: pH i.8; clear, smooth lrounda ry.
<br />B3cn-L to Li 111L'he9. C!1f loam: Piul: (7.5TR 7/4) when
<br />tire, brown (7.5TIt 6/8) when moist; weak. medium,
<br />prismatic structure breaking to weak, medium, sub-
<br />angular Irlnckc; hard when dry, very friable when
<br />moist; few' tLin, patchy clay films: 6 [0 10 percent
<br />gravel ; weak accumulation of secatdflry cnlcivm cnY-
<br />bmtate concretions; ealenreous; pH S.0; grndusl,
<br />smooth boundary.
<br />DEC 1 3 2000
<br />Durango Field pn~e
<br />Division of Minerals 8 Geology
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