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Appendix 4: Profiles of Colorado State-Listed Noxious Weeds 157 <br />Oxeye daisy (Chrysanthemum leucanthemum) <br />Oxeye daisy <br />Chrysanthemum leucanthemum L.; Leucanthemum vulgare Lam. <br />Family: Asteraceae (Sunflower) <br />Other Names: white daisy <br />USDA Code: CHLE80, LEW <br />Legal Status: Colorado Noxious List A (general weeds) <br />Identification <br />Growth form: Short-lived perennial fort. <br />Flower: Flowering heads aze solitary at the ends of branches. Flower <br />heads have white ray flowers and yellow disk flowers. <br />Seeds/Fruit: Fmits have about 10 ribs. <br />Leaves: Alternately arranged leaves become progressively smaller <br />upwazd along the stem. Basal and lower stem leaves are 2-5 in long, <br />lance-shaped to narrowly egg-shaped. The upper leaves become <br />stalkless and toothed <br />Stems: Mature plants are ]0-24 inches tall with erect, smooth to <br />sparsely hairy stems. <br />Roots: The plants have shallow, branched rhi2omes. <br />Seedling: No information available. <br />Similar Species <br />Ezotics: Oxeye daisy is easily confused with the ornamental Shasta <br />daisy (Chrysanthemum maximum), which is a more robust plant with <br />larger flowers. <br />Natives: None known. <br />Impacts <br />Agricultural: The plant is unpalatable to cattle; dense infestations can <br />reduce cattle forage. <br />Ecological: If given the chance, this plant can become noxious and is <br />capable of taking over and modifying natural areas, pasture and <br />rangeland (Rutledge and McLendon, 1998), and may increase soil <br />erosion compazed to native plant communities (Olson and Wallander <br />1999 <br />Human: No information available. <br />Habitat and Distribution <br />General requirements: Irt Colorado, oxeye daisy is usually found at <br />higher elevations in meadows, along roadsides, and in waste places. In <br />many places this plant escaped from gardens and established in <br />meadows, azound mines and ghost towns in the mountains (Rutledge and <br />McLendon, 1998). <br />Distribution: Widely distributed throughout the United States. <br />Historical: Escaped from cultivation as an ornamental. <br />Biolotrv/Ecoloev <br />Life cycle: Basal rosettes must experience a period of cold temperatures <br />