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ASME B31.3-2016
<br /> reaction between oxygen and the base metal at elevated (f) spiral(helical seam)welded pipe: pipe having a heli-
<br /> temperature. The necessary temperature is maintained cal seam with either a butt,lap, or lock-seam joint that
<br /> by the heat from an arc,an oxyfuel gas flame, or other is welded using either an electrical resistance, electric
<br /> source. fusion or double-submerged arc welding process.
<br /> oxygen gouging: thermal gouging that uses an oxygen pipe-supporting elements: pipe-supporting elements con-
<br /> cutting process variation to form a bevel or groove. sist of fixtures and structural attachments as follows:
<br /> packaged equipment: an assembly of individual pieces or (a) fixtures: fixtures include elements that transfer the
<br /> stages of equipment,complete with interconnecting pip- load from the pipe or structural attachment to the sup-
<br /> ing and connections for external piping. The assembly porting structure or equipment. They include hanging
<br /> may be mounted on a skid or other structure prior to type fixtures,such as hanger rods,spring hangers,sway
<br /> delivery. braces, counterweights, turnbuckles, struts, chains,
<br /> guides,and anchors; and bearing type fixtures,such as
<br /> petroleum refinery: an industrial plant for processing or saddles,bases,rollers,brackets, and sliding supports.
<br /> handling of petroleum and products derived directly (b) structural attachments: structural attachments
<br /> from petroleum.Such a plant may be an individual gaso- include elements that are welded,bolted,or clamped to
<br /> line recovery plant, a treating plant, a gas processing the pipe, such as clips, lugs, rings, clamps, clevises,
<br /> plant(including liquefaction),or an integrated refinery straps, and skirts.
<br /> having various process units and attendant facilities.
<br /> piping:assemblies of piping components used to convey,
<br /> pipe: a pressure-tight cylinder used to convey a fluid or distribute, mix, separate, discharge, meter, control, or
<br /> to transmit a fluid pressure, ordinarily designated snub fluid flows. Piping also includes pipe-supporting
<br /> "pipe" in applicable material specifications. Materials elements,but does not include support structures,such
<br /> designated "tube" or "tubing" in the specifications are as building frames, bents, foundations, or any equip-
<br /> treated as pipe when intended for pressure service. ment excluded from this Code (see para. 300.1.3).
<br /> Types of pipe,according to the method of manufacture,
<br /> are defined as follows: piping components:mechanical elements suitable for join-
<br /> (a) electric resistance-welded pipe: pipe produced in ing or assembly into pressure-tight fluid-containing pip-
<br /> individual lengths or in continuous lengths from coiled ing systems. Components include pipe,tubing,fittings,
<br /> skelp and subsequently cut into individual lengths,hav- flanges, gaskets, bolting, valves, and devices such as
<br /> ing a longitudinal butt joint wherein coalescence is pro- expansion joints, flexible joints, pressure hoses, traps,
<br /> duced by the heat obtained from resistance of the pipe strainers,inline portions of instruments,and separators.
<br /> to the flow of electric current in a circuit of which the piping elements: any material or work required to plan
<br /> pipe is a part, and by the application of pressure. and install a piping system. Elements of piping include
<br /> (b) furnace butt welded pipe, continuous welded: pipe design specifications,materials, components,supports,
<br /> produced in continuous lengths from coiled skelp and fabrication, examination,inspection, and testing.
<br /> subsequently cut into individual lengths,having its lon-
<br /> gitudinalbutt joint forge welded by the mechanical pres- Piping installation: designed piping systems to which a
<br /> sure developed in passing the hot-formed and edge- selected Code edition and addenda apply.
<br /> heated skelp through a set of round pass welding rolls. piping subassembly: a portion of a piping system that
<br /> (c) electric fusion welded pipe: pipe having a longitudi- consists of one or more piping components.
<br /> nal butt joint wherein coalescence is produced in the piping system:interconnected piping subject to the same
<br /> preformed tube by manual or automatic electric-arc set or sets of design conditions.
<br /> welding.The weld maybe single(welded from one side)
<br /> or double (welded from inside and outside) and may plasma arc cutting(PAC):an arc cutting process that uses
<br /> be made with or without the addition of filler metal. a constricted arc and removes molten metal with a high
<br /> (d) double submerged-arc welded pipe: pipe having a velocity jet of ionized gas issuing from the constricting
<br /> longitudinal butt joint produced by at least two passes, orifice.
<br /> one of which is on the inside of the pipe. Coalescence postweld heat treatment: see heat treatment.
<br /> is produced by heating with an electric arc or arcs
<br /> preheating: the application of heat to the base material
<br /> between the bare metal electrode or electrodes and the
<br /> work. The welding is shielded by a blanket of granular immediately before or during a forming, welding, or
<br /> fusible material on the work. Pressure is not used and cutting process. See para. 330.
<br /> filler metal for the inside and outside welds is obtained procedure qualification record (PQR): a document listing
<br /> from the electrode or electrodes. all pertinent data, including the essential variables
<br /> (e) seamless pipe: pipe produced by piercing a billet employed and the test results, used in qualifying the
<br /> followed by rolling or drawing, or both. procedure specification.
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