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ASME B31.3-2016 <br /> range,followed by slow cooling to well below the trans- e.g.,pressure gages,pressure transmitters,and transduc- <br /> formation temperature range. ers, are excluded. <br /> (b) normalizing: heating a ferrous metal to a tempera- in-process examination: see para. 344.7. <br /> ture above the transformation temperature range, fol- <br /> lowed by cooling in room-temperature still air to well inspection,Inspector: see para. 340. <br /> below the transformation temperature range. integrally reinforced branch connection fitting: see branch <br /> (c) quenching: when used as a part of a heat-treating connection fitting. <br /> operation,a rapid cooling process that results in micro- joint design:the joint geometry together with the required <br /> structural stabilization or changes in material properties dimensions of the welded joint. <br /> that would not have occurred without rapid cooling. <br /> (d) recommended or required heat treatment: the applica- listed:for the purposes of this Code,describes a material <br /> tion of heat to a metal section subsequent to a cutting, or component that conforms to a specification in <br /> Appendix <br /> forming,or welding operation,as provided in para.331. Appendix B, or Appendix K or to a stan- <br /> (e) solution heat treatment: heating an alloy to a suit- dard in Table 326.1,A326.1, or K326.1. <br /> able temperature, holding at that temperature long manual welding:a welding operation performed and con- <br /> enough to allow one or more constituents to enter into trolled completely by hand. <br /> solid solution,and then cooling rapidly enough to hold may:a term that indicates a provision is neither required <br /> the constituents in solution. nor prohibited. <br /> (f) stress-relief. uniform heating of a structure or por- mechanical joint: a joint for the purpose of mechanical <br /> tion thereof to a sufficient temperature below the trans- strength or leak resistance,or both,in which the mechan- <br /> formation temperature range to relieve the major ical strength is developed by threaded,grooved,rolled, <br /> portion of the residual stresses, followed by uniform flared, or flanged pipe ends; or bolts ins toggles, <br /> cooling slowly enough to minimize development of new g p p y 'e ge <br /> residual stresses. or rings;and the leak resistance is developed by threads <br /> (id tempering: reheating a hardened metal to a tem- and compounds, gaskets, rolled ends, caulking, or <br /> machined and mated surfaces. <br /> perature below the transformation range to improve <br /> toughness. miter or miter bend: for the purposes of this Code, two <br /> (h) transformation range: the temperature range over or more straight sections of pipe matched and joined in <br /> which a phase change occurs. a plane bisecting the angle of junction so as to produce <br /> (i) transformation temperature: the temperature at a change in direction greater than 3 deg. <br /> which a phase change begins or ends. In metals,phase nominal:a numerical identification of dimension,capac- <br /> changes can be solid-state changes. ity,rating,or other characteristic used as a designation, <br /> High Pressure Fluid Service: see fluid service. not as an exact measurement. <br /> High Purity Fluid Service: see fluid service. Normal Fluid Service: see fluid service. <br /> hygienic clamp joint: a tube outside-diameter union con- normalizing: see heat treatment. <br /> sisting of two neutered ferrules having flat faces with notch-sensitive: describes a metal subject to reduction in <br /> a concentric groove and mating gasket that is secured strength in the presence of stress concentration. The <br /> with a clamp, providing a nonprotruding, recessless degree of notch sensitivity is usually expressed as the <br /> product contact surface. See also para. U315.3(b). strength determined in a notched specimen divided by <br /> the strength determined in an unnotched specimen,and <br /> indication, linear: in magnetic particle,liquid penetrant, can be obtained from either static or dynamic tests. <br /> or similar examination, a closed surface area marking <br /> or denoting a discontinuity requiring evaluation,whose NPS: nominal pipe size (followed, when appropriate, <br /> longest dimension is at least three times the width of by the specific size designation number without an inch <br /> the indication. symbol). <br /> indication,rounded:in magnetic particle,liquid penetrant, orbital welding: automatic or machine welding in which <br /> or similar examination, a closed surface area marking the electrode rotates (orbits) around the circumference <br /> or denoting a discontinuity requiring evaluation,whose of a stationary pipe or tube. <br /> longest dimension is less than three times the width of oxygen-arc cutting(OAC):an oxygen-cutting process that <br /> the indication. uses an arc between the workpiece and a consumable <br /> inline portions of instruments: pressure-containing por- electrode,through which oxygen is directed to the work- <br /> tions of instruments that are in direct contact with the piece. For oxidation-resistant metals,a chemical flux or <br /> fluid when installed in a piping system. Permanently metal powder is used to facilitate the reaction. <br /> sealed fluid-filled tubing systems furnished with instru- oxygen cutting(OC):a group of thermal cutting processes <br /> ments as temperature- or pressure-responsive devices, that severs or removes metal by means of the chemical <br />