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<br />92 <br /> <br />2305 locations of cultural importance were identified and assessed including important biological <br />2306 and cultural resources, physical features and locations, and archaeological resources, <br />2307 Assessments were conducted by these tribes to identify potential impacts resulting from dam <br />2308 operations and to formulate possible treatment options. These studies were subsequently <br />2309 utilized by the BOR for the identification and evaluation of traditional cultural properties <br />2310 within the area of potential effect as defined by the P A program. <br />2311 PA Prol!l1lffi Work, Following the above resource inventories to establish baseline <br />2312 conditions, monitoring activities have been conducted to identify changes in resource <br />2313 conditions under the stipulations of the P A program. The NPS conducts monitoring <br />2314 throughout the year and produces arulUaI monitoring reports for the Glen Canyon and Grand <br />2315 Canyon areas. Tribal groups conduct monitoring trips several times a year and assess <br />2316 changes to their traditional cultural resources and to assess the general health of the <br />2317 ecosystem through their own traditional value system. <br />2318 Current monitoring activities conducted under the P A program include site visits, <br />2319 photographs, and instrument mapping of sites. Results of these monitoring activities indicate <br />2320 that physical and visitor-related impacts constitute the majority of impacts to the cultural <br />2321 resources. Physical impacts include surface runoff erosion, side arroyo erosion that is often <br />2322 attributed to lateral bank retreat and bank slumpage, changes in vegetation, and in some cases <br />2323 direct inundation of the site. Visitor-related impacts include trails across site areas with <br />2324 resulting erosional effects, camping within site boundaries, graffiti at rock art locations, and <br />2325 collections and piling of artifacts. Animal related impacts pave also been observed. Based on <br />2326 the NPS FY 98 field work, two river corridor areas, Reaches 5 (RM 61.5-77.4) and 10 (RM <br />2327 159.8-213.9), appear to have the highest frequencies of physical and visitor related impacts <br />2328 (NPS, 1998). <br />2329 Recommendations from monitoring efforts include a combination of preservation <br />2330 options (such as trail obliteration and retrailing, revegetation, and construction of checkdams <br />2331 to halt erosion) and recovery options (such as surface collection, mapping, testing, and data <br />2332 recovery) at features or sites (NPS, 1998). <br /> <br />November 5, 1998 <br />Second Draft .,. Do Not Cite, Photocopy, or DistrIbute <br />