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<br />
<br />One of the highlights of Fiscal Year 1962 for the Weather Bureau l-laS
<br />the inclusion of $48 million in a supplemental Appropriation Bill for
<br />operation of the nen-T National Operational Ueteorological Satellite
<br />System. This action was significant in that it reflected Congressional
<br />designation of the Department of Corrmerce Heather Bureau as the agency
<br />responsible for the establislunent and operation of this new space
<br />system. Meteorological Satellite Tiros III was launched July 12, 1961,
<br />and coincident with this, the Weather Bureau toole over complete support
<br />of the Numerical Weather Prediction Program of the National Meteoro-
<br />logical Cel'lter. Tiros II completed one year of operation in November
<br />1961 with 5450 orbits. Some pictures, although of poor quality, l~ere
<br />still being received. The tape recorder of Tiros III became inopera-
<br />tive in December and readout stations reduced tracking to two orbits
<br />per day awaiting launching of Tiros IV. Tiros IV was successfully
<br />launched February 8, 1962 and within eight hours from the .time it left
<br />the ground, photographs had been :l.nterpreted and the results transmitted
<br />on the national facsimile circuit. This analysis time has now been
<br />reduced to two and one-half hours. In most respects, Tiros rv is
<br />similar to TirosIII; ho'Wever, one of its cameras has a lens ..hich
<br />reduces distortion. Eight spacecrafts of the Nimbus type are progral1'llJed
<br />for launching. Four of these will be for research and development and
<br />four for operational use.. It is expected that at least one of these
<br />will be in operation at all times during the first years of the project.
<br />
<br />Technical Paper No. 40 ,laS distributed to hydrologic interests. This
<br />publication, Ra,infall Frequency Atlas of the United States, shows
<br />durations from 30 minutes to 24 hours and return periods from 1 to 100
<br />years. Another Technical Paper, lJo. 38, Generalized Estimates of. .
<br />Probable Max:imumPrecipitation for the United States 1.est of the 105th
<br />Heridian, became available. The River Basin Naps showing hydrologic
<br />'stations were completed. This series of 80 maps covers the 48 states
<br />and was compiled under the auspices of the SubcoJr.!1J:i.ttee on Hydrology
<br />of the Inter-Agency Committee on Water'Resources. A 12o-page Technical
<br />Paper reporting hydrometeorological data on the March-April 1960 snOl~-
<br />melt fiood in the }lissouri-Nississippi Basin was completed and is ready
<br />forprirrting.
<br />
<br />Weather and river forecasting services in the lower Republican Basin
<br />will be inproved through the upgrading of the Weather Bureau Office at
<br />Concordia, Kansas. The staff is being increased and radar has been
<br />installed at the new airport building. A Heather Surveillance Radar
<br />(1'16R-57) has been commissioned at Missoula, I-:ontana. While geographi-
<br />cally out of the Missouri Basin, its range extends into the area of
<br />heavy sno\~ cover of the Basin. This installation is signj..ficant since
<br />it will be used in connection with the observation of heavy precipi-
<br />tation and can be adapted'to various types of telemetering, such as
<br />observing the water equivalent of the snow cover.
<br />
<br />Research contracts were negotiated with several universities. Included
<br />in these were contracts with Stanford Research Institute for studies of
<br />rainfall measurement by radar attenuation, Iowa State University for
<br />studies on effect of weather on crops, and Kansas State University for
<br />agricultural Climatology.
<br />
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