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<br />a corollary to this, there <br />n ~ ') ~. <br />'!l~~t which "indicators" <br /> <br />is only limited experience to <br /> <br />or data are most appropriately <br /> <br />gathered to "measure" and "forecast" social impacts. Econo- <br /> <br />mics as a science has more experience in both measurement <br /> <br />and forecasting, but even this discipline is faced with sig- <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />nificant challenges. <br /> <br />However. economics has the advantage <br /> <br />of using a uniform measure, namely dollar values, in comparing <br /> <br />.. <br /> <br />the costs and benefits of such decisions. <br /> <br />Social assessments, <br /> <br />and to a certain extent environmental assessments, generally <br /> <br />cannot restrict themselves to such a single measure at this <br /> <br />time. Finally, a third gap in knowledge exists at the program <br /> <br />level. That is, few federal agencies involved in infrastruc- <br /> <br />ture developments have staff who are experienced in scientific <br /> <br />inquiry into social matters. <br /> <br />There are, however, two aspects of agency operations <br /> <br />which provide some initial directions to the concept of <br /> <br />social assessment. These include policy directives and plan- <br /> <br />ning procedures. With respect to the first resource, there <br /> <br />are a variety of policy directives which have been issued <br /> <br />both by Congress and by the Executive Branch which suggest <br /> <br />that social assessment should be directed toward assessing <br /> <br />public investment impacts upon individuals, families and <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />communities in terms of such concerns as their health, life <br /> <br />style, security of life and property, etc. Thus, policy <br /> <br />. <br /> <br />statements can serve as a source of guidance for indicating <br /> <br />some of the dimensions entailed in "social" impacts. The <br /> <br />second source of some direction comes out of the emerging <br /> <br />9 <br />