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<br />MWSI Project <br />Phase II Effluent Management Summary Report - DRAFT <br /> <br />One advantage of direct reuse is being able to meet certain types of demands with <br />appropriately treated "second use" water thereby conserving high quality "first use" <br />supplies. Factors affecting the feasibility of direct reuse are primarily related to public <br />acceptability and economics. While it is technically possible to sufficiently treat effluent <br />to allow for direct potable reuse, concerns about the reliability, cost and public <br />perceptions of such technology have motivated most water providers to focus their <br />effluent management plans on nonpotable uses. The feasibility of nonpotable reuse is in <br />turn determined largely by I) location and timing of the reusable supply, 2) location of <br />the effluent demand, and 3) type of demand. These factors have a large impact on costs, <br />especially in the areas of treatment, storage, conveyance and distribution. <br /> <br />August 22, 1995 <br /> <br />Within the realm of direct reuse, two types of scenarios can be formulated (Figure <br />5). The first involves using one's own effluent supply and facilities to distribute and <br />possibly store and treat the effluent. Options in this category are generally being <br />developed and implemented by individual suppliers and are thus outside of the scope of <br />the MWSl study (although existing arrangements and plans are accounted for in Section <br />IV). The second involves using someone else's effluent supply or facilities to distribute, <br />store, and/or treat the water before it is delivered to the demand. Options falling under <br />this category involve the cooperation of more than one supplier and j1re within the scope <br />of this investigation. <br /> <br />DIRECT REUSE <br /> <br />Own SupplylFacilities Exclusively <br /> <br />Use Someone Else's SupplylFacilities <br /> <br />Figure 5: Direct Reuse Scenarios <br /> <br />Substitution <br /> <br />A substitution arrangement involves providing effluent to another water user in <br />exchange for water to which that user would otherwise is entitled. Within the realm of <br />substitution, two types of scenarios can be formulated (Figure 6). The first involves <br />upstream augmentation, exchange and first use situations where municipal supplies are <br />enhanced by increased diversions at upstream locations. The benefit is a direct increase <br /> <br />12 <br />