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<br />designates areas of special flood hazard within a given com;"unity and
<br />forms the basis for both regulation and insurance for communities in
<br />the preliminary Emergency Phase of the National Flood Insurance Pro-
<br />gram (NFIP).
<br />Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) - The map on which the Federal
<br />Insurance Administration has delineated both the 100-year floodplains
<br />and the risk premium zones. This map forms the basis for both regula-
<br />tion and insurance for communities in the Regular Phase of the
<br />National Flood Insurance Program.
<br />Flood Insurance Study (FIS) - The report in which the Federal
<br />Emergency Management Agency provides flood profiles, as well as the
<br />Flood Boundary/Floodway maps, water surface elevations, and the
<br />Flood Insurance Rate Map. After this study is completed, communities
<br />are required to participate in the Regular Phase of the National Flood
<br />Insurance Program.
<br />Hydraulics - The science dealing with transmission of water in motion.
<br />Hydrology - The science dealing with the distribution and circulation of
<br />water on the surface of the land.
<br />Lowest Floor Elevation - Any floor area that is usable, or potentially
<br />usable, for living purposes, storage, or recreation.
<br />Manufactured home - means a structure, transportable in one or more
<br />sections, which is built on a permanent chassis and is deSigned for use
<br />with or without a permanent foundation when connected to the required
<br />utilities. This term also includes park trailers, travel trailers and other
<br />similar vehicles placed on a site for greater than 180 consecutive days.
<br />New Construction - Structures for which construction, substantial
<br />improvement, or alteration begins on or after the effective date of these
<br />Regulations.
<br />Non-Conforming Use - A land use not in accordance with these
<br />regulations.
<br />Official Floodplain Maps - The Flood Insurance Rate Maps and Flood
<br />Boundary/Fioodway Maps provided by the Federal Emergency Manage-
<br />ment Agency Floodplain/Floodway Maps provided by the Corps of
<br />Engineers, Special Flood Hazard Study Maps provided by the Soil Con-
<br />servation Service or any other floodplain map adopted by a community
<br />for administering the terms of a local floodplain ordinance.
<br />Riprap - Stone, rocks, concrete blocks, or analogous material placed
<br />along the banks or bed of a stream for the purpose of alleviating
<br />erosion.
<br />Start of Construction - Includes substantial improvement, and means
<br />the date the building permit was issued, provided the actual start of
<br />construction, repair, reconstruction, placement, or other improvement
<br />was within 180 days of the permit date. The actual start means the first
<br />placement of permanent construction of a structure on a site, such as
<br />the pouring of slab or footings, the installation of piles, the construction
<br />of columns, or any work beyond the stage of excavation; or the place-
<br />ment of a manufactured home on a foundation. Permanent construction
<br />does not include land preparation, such as ciearing, grading and filling;
<br />nor does it include the installation of streets and/or walkways; nor does
<br />it include excavation for a basement, footings, piers, or foundations or
<br />the erection of temporary forms; nor does it include the installation on
<br />the property of accessory buildings, such as garages or sheds not
<br />occupied as dwelling units or not part of the main structure.
<br />Structure - A walled and roofed building, a manufactured home, or a
<br />gas or liquid storage tank, that is principally above ground.
<br />Substantial Improvement - Any repair, reconstruction or improvement
<br />of a structure, the cost of wh<l::h equals or exceeds fifty percent (50%) of
<br />the market value before the improvement or repair is started, or when a
<br />damaged structure is being restored, fifty percent (50%) of its value
<br />before the damage. "Substantial improvement" is considered to occur
<br />when the first construction to any wall, ceiling, floor, or other structural
<br />part of a building commences. A substantial improvement differs from an
<br />alteration of a structure in that it does not affect the structure's external
<br />dimensions. The term also excludes any project to make a structure
<br />comply with existing state or local health, sanitary, or safety codes, and
<br />which is necessary solely to assure safe living conditions, or any altera-
<br />tion of a structure listed on the National Register of Historic Places or
<br />State Inventory of Historic Places.
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