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<br />e <br /> <br />Crib. A flame SbUCture. fiUed with earth or stone ballast, designed to absorb energy and <br />to deflect streamflow away from a bank. <br /> <br />Critical st ear slress . The minimum amount of shear slress exerted by passing slream <br />currents required to initiate soil particle motion. <br /> <br />Cross section - A diagram or drawing cut across a channel that iUustrates the banks. bed, <br />and, sometimes, water surface. <br /> <br />Crossing. The relatively short and shallow reach of a stream between bends; also called <br />a crossover. <br /> <br />Current. Water flowing through a channel. <br /> <br />Cut bank. The concave wau of a meandering stream. <br /> <br />Cutoff. A new, relatively short channel (natural or artificial) formed when a stream cuts <br />or is realigned through the neck of an oxbow or horseshoe bend. A cutoff can <br />also develop as successive high-water flows develop a chute across the <br />inside of a point bar. <br /> <br />Deadman . A log or block of concrete buried in a streambank that is used to tie in a <br />revebnent with cable or chain. <br /> <br />Degradation (bed) . A progressive lowering of the channel bed due to scour. <br />Degradation is an indicator that a change in the slream's discharge and/or <br />sediment load characteristics is taking place. <br /> <br />Dike (harllpont, groin, spur, jelly) - A sbUcture extending from a bank into a channel <br />that is designed to (a) reduce the stream velocity as the current passes <br />through the dike, thus encouraging sediment deposition along the bank <br />(penneable dike) or (b) deflect erosive currents away from the slreambank <br />(impermeable dike). <br /> <br />Discharge . Volume of water passing a given point during a specified time, usuaUy <br />measured in cubic feet per second. <br /> <br />Distressed streambank - A bank that has (or is) suffering erosion or failure. <br /> <br />Drainage basin - An area confined by drainage divides, often having only one oullet for <br />discharge. <br /> <br />Dredge m:llerial - Soil that is excavated from a stream channel. <br /> <br />Drop sbUc lure - A grade control structure that provides for a vertical drop in the channel <br />invert between the upstream and downstream sides. <br /> <br />Eddy current - A vortex-type motion of a fluid flowing contrary to the main current, <br />such as the circular water movement that occurs when the main flow <br />becomes separated from the bank. <br /> <br />e <br /> <br />XVI <br /> <br />COlorado Erosion COntrol Manual <br />