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<br />
<br />St4ges, coupled with temporary evac~ation and other emergency actions,
<br />can often Save lives in addition to reducing property losses. Inths
<br />development of local community planning, provisions shQuld be rnad~
<br />for alerting area residents and coordinating operations of city~county
<br />public $ervice agencies throu~hout the fln-~ "n~~'"".
<br />~ ~"'" .L~"~~, evacuation, ant!
<br />rescue activities w~ich may be r""uire"" ~ i "
<br />, "...."urnga oodernergency.
<br />
<br />Development POlicies
<br />,~ile all regulatory controls are valuable tools in cam-
<br />prehensive flood da~age prevention planning, probably the most effec-
<br />tive tool is in the are" of development policies. ".Flood conscious"
<br />governmental poltcies that li~it the e~tension of public roads,
<br />utilities, and other services into flood prone areas can play an
<br />;,.oortant indi~6n~ --,_ i- ,.."~,, ~ ". ,
<br />,~-- ,y ~ " ,~~,,~ ~vera ~eve opment. Private de-
<br />velopment often follows the e~tension of public services. By locat-
<br />from flood prone areas, a SOft-sell ncga-
<br />
<br />ingpublicfacilities a,,'ay
<br />tive influence is
<br />
<br />and safer ground.
<br />
<br />projectedwhicher.courages
<br />Other actions that can be
<br />
<br />the occupancy of higher
<br />taken by local gevern-
<br />
<br />~cntal units include the preservation of floodways through urban
<br />renewal; providing favorable tax adjustments t~ lands held for open
<br />space uses, and implementing the required land use controls for the
<br />city to remain in the National Flood rnsurance Progra~. In the ares
<br />of finance, lending institutions can influence flood plain develop-
<br />~ent by withholding mortgage guarantees or other funding from those
<br />who contemplate projects that will intensify known flood problems.
<br />
<br />Further Study
<br />
<br />Continuing study and review of the flood ways and other
<br />areal designations which may be defined in connection with flood
<br />plain zoning are particularly important in maintaining a long-range
<br />land use planning prOgram. Community authorities should periodically
<br />
<br />review and adjust the provisions governing the
<br />whenever new information indicates a change in
<br />
<br />use of flood plain lands
<br />their flood potential.
<br />
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<br />
<br />
<br />GLOSS1\RY OF TER'IS
<br />
<br />.
<br />
<br />Flood. An overflow of lands, not normally covered by water, that are
<br />used or usable by man. Floods have two essential characteristics,
<br />the inundation of land is temporary; and, the land is adjacent to and
<br />inundated by overflow from a river or stream, or an ocean, lake, or
<br />other body of standing water.
<br />
<br />Normally, a "flood" is considered as any temporary rise
<br />in streamflow Or stage, but not the ponding of surface water, that
<br />results in significant adverse effects in the vicinity. Adverse
<br />effects may inclUde damages frOm overflow of land areas, temporary
<br />backwater effects in sewere and local drainage channels, creation of
<br />unsanitary conditions or other unfavorable situations by deposition
<br />of materials in stream channels during flood recessions, rise of g!ound
<br />water coincident with increased strenmflow, and other prozlems.
<br />
<br />Flood Crest. The maxim~~ stage of elevation reached by the waters of
<br />a flood at a given location.
<br />
<br />Flood Peak. ThcmaxiOlumi"stantaneousdisChargeofatloodatagiven
<br />location. rtus\lallyoccursator near the time of the flood crest.
<br />
<br />Flood Plain. The relatively flat area of lowland~ adjoining the
<br />channel of a river, stream or watercourse, or ocean, lake, or other
<br />
<br />body of standing water, which has been or may be covered by floodwater.
<br />
<br />Flood ?rofile. ~ graph showing the relationship of water surface
<br />elevation to location, the latter generally eXDre~sed as distance
<br />aboVe mouth for a stream of water flowing in an open channeL It is
<br />generally drawn to show surface elevation for the crest of a specific
<br />flood, but may be prepared for conditions at a given time or stage.
<br />
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