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/ //" sation on the hydroloqical on water quality. I~HS No.123; ple~-123. regime an<:3 Publication / Key words: surface runoff; urban dra- inage; mathematical models: model studies; water pollution; overflows. A part of the flat urban area (116 ha) of the new town of Lelystad, situated in a recently reclaimed polder in the former Zui1erzee, was the subject of a study on the flow of surface and sub- surface water into and through open drains. Precipitation, discharge of storm dr~ins and of subsurface drainage were measured in three catchment are~s. From these data the runoff coefficients and the transformation of the rainf~11 outflow from the storm water drains ~re calculated. These outputs are used for modeling the nonst~ady flow through the open drains. This model is applied in the design of the urban system of open drains, culverts and weirs. The water quality of the system was also investi- gated. From the measurements it can be concluded that the system of separate storm and waste wat~r sewers produces less water pollution than a combined system with zero overflows. BERKSHIR~ COUNTY R~GION~L PLANNING COMMIS- SION. 1976: "The upper Housatonic '208' water quality management olan". Phase I Report, Berkshire County Re- gional Planning Commission, Pittsfield, Mass. Key urban lakes; wastes; nonpoint noff. words: watershed management; hydrology; eutrophication; combined sewers; industrial ground water resources; pollution sources; urban ru- This plan is prepared under Section 208 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Ammendments, by the Berkshire Coun- ty R~gional Planning Commission, in ~c- cordance with a designation by the Gov- ernor of Massachusetts, with funds pro- vided by the U.S. ~nvironmental Pro- tection Agency. Th~ goal is to have, wherever attainable by 19aJ, a water quality which is safe for swimming and which will protect fish and wildlife. This is the Phase I report. It is is- sued part way through the process to inform the public and obtain their re- actions before the final plan is pre- pared. The report addresses growth and land use; lake eutrophication; ground water protection; municipal facilities; industrial sources; combined sewers; urban runoff; nonpolnt sources; and legal, institu- tional, and financial arrangements. The report sugg~sts a $55 million, six point water quality mana~ement program, with 43 percent of the costs borne at the community level. BERRY, '8.J.L. et a1. 1974: IILand use, urban form and environmental quality". Final Report for Office of Research and Development, EPA, by Dp.pt. of Geogra- phy, University of Chicago (Research Paper No.155); 44Bpp. Key words: environmental effects; watershed management; 1anduse chang~: water- pollution. This study deals with the ways in which urban form and land use affect. th~ -na- ture and intensity of environmental pollution. The inquiry proceeds at two scales: (a) from one urban rC'Jion to .another, and (b) on a more detailed basis within urban regions. At the first level of analysis, attention is directed to the effects of different urban forms and land use mix~s on the levels of environmental pollution re- ported by U.S. government monitoring stations to be chara~teristic of the urban regions. At th~ second scale, spatial patterns of pollution are re- lated to spatial patterns of lann use within a sample of metropolitan areas that have different urban forms and that exemplify the range of pollution types characterising American urban re- gions today. The report is structured cumulatively, to provide an understand- ing of those urban forms that naturally gen~rate the lowest pollution levels, the environmental consequences of con- temporary urban dynamics, and the role that urban planning may potenti~lly play in the achievement and maintenance of the nation's environmental quality standards. . . BERRY, '8.3.L. and HORTON, 1974: "Urban environmental ment". Englewood Cliffs, New Prentice Hall Inc. F.E. ma nage- Jersey, Key words: urbanisation; urban runoff; streamflow; sediment yield. A general discussion of the effect of urbanisation on ~ydrology (especi~lly runoff) listing numerous studies orevi- ously performed. Describes the ~ethod of plotting the effect of urbanisation on drainage. A discussion of urbanisa- tion effects on sedimentation is also included. , = BETSON, R.P. 1977: IIBulk precipitation and streamflow quality relationships in an urban areaw. Paper presented at ~nnual Spring M~eting of the ~GU, Washington, D.C. EOS, Vol.5B(6), p39~. Key words: streamflow; tion; rainfall-runoff weather modification; metals~ natri~nts~ demand. water pollu- relationships~ urban runoff; chemical oxygen ~ systems study of urban hydrology was undertaken in Knoxville, Tn. Measurements of bulk pr~cipit~tion quality were related to strea~flow quality in several small watersheds. The yields of streamflow in these catchments are affected to varying de- grees because they are locate~ in car- bonate terrain. Compared with bulk precipitation concentrations measured in other urban areas and in rural areas the quality of bulk precipitation meas- ured in Knoxville was found to be simi- lar to that measured elsewhere for some 20 constituents. Input-output studies for the various constituents revealed that for one suburban-type watershed in which most of the potential streamflow , .