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<br />TABLE 9 <br /> <br />The Distribution of Chloride in Snow and Snowmelt <br />as a Function of Sampling Location <br />(Oliver, Milne, and LaBarre, 1974) <br /> <br />Location <br /> <br /> . <br />Range of Mean <br />Chlor,ide Chloride <br />Levels Level <br />(mg/~) (mg/n <br />4.0-2,5.0.0 464 <br />4-15,266 3,233 <br />143-2,448 1,7.03 <br />154-8,151 2,283 <br />.0-3 .6 <br />16-4,397 5.0.0 <br />11-1,163 219 <br />84-332 162 <br />88-363 2.0.0 <br />8-57 19 <br /> <br />Snow Dumps <br />Commercial Street <br />Industrial Street <br />Residential Street <br />Roof Samples <br />Snow Dump Runoff <br />Storm Sewer Runoff <br />Raw Wastewater <br />Treated Wastewater <br />River <br /> <br />function of sampling location. The low chloride levels in the <br /> <br />rooftop samples indicate that the chloride in the street and <br /> <br />dump samples comes almost exclusively from road salting. The <br /> <br />higher chloride levels in the street samples as compared to the <br /> <br />dump samples were attributed to continuous salt buildup in the <br /> <br />roadside locations (Oliver, Milne, and LaBarre, 1974). <br /> <br />Sodium chloride is the most widely used deicing chemical. <br /> <br />Its non-biodegradable nature accounts for the fact that street <br /> <br />runoff from the melting of ice and snow mixed with chloride salts <br /> <br />eventually finds its way to nearby receiving waters (Field, <br /> <br />16 <br />