FLOOD03246

• County: Statewide
• Community: Nationwide
• Basin: Statewide
• Title: Pollution Characteristics of Stormwater Runoff Completion Report
• Date: 9/1/1978
• Prepared By: CSU Environmental Resources Center
• Floodplain - Doc Type: Educational/Technical/Reference Information

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Struzeski, Masters, and Tafuri, 1973), whether it be directly

through storm sewers, or indirectly through combined sewers.

Daily chloride loads were shown to be 50 percent higher for

winter months as compared to summer months in municipal sewage

at Milwaukee, Wisconsin (Schraufnagel, 1965). Recorded chloride

loads during days of heavy snowmelt were more than 3 times the

normal summertime loads.

Street runoff samples collected from a downtown Chicago

expressway, during the winter of 1967, showed chloride levels

from 1,900 to 4,500 mg/~ when highway salts were not being

applied (APWA, 1969). But during snowfalls the chloride in

highway runoff ranged from 11,000 to 25,000 mg/~. The study

further indicated that almost all the deicing salts subsequently

left the area in the form of runoff. The APWA study in Chicago

also concluded that "the salt content of highway drainage will

depend upon many factors including ambient temperatures, amounts

of precipitation, quantity of salt applied, traffic patterns,

and the volume and rate of surface runoff."

In Wisconsin studies Schraufnagel (1965) reported that in

the Chippewa Falls area, wintertime highway runoff was found to

contain upwards of 10,000 mg/~ chlorides, whereas during the

summer months street runoff ranged from 0-16 mg/~ chlorides.

In an investigation of water quality on Meadow Brook in

Syracuse, New York (Hawkins, 1971), chloride concentrations were

usually found to be between 200-1000 mg/~ in winter, but on a

number of occasions chlorides rose to over 2,000 mg/~, with one

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