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32 The Mediation Process <br />Figure 4. Twelve Stages of Mediator Moves and Critical Situations <br />to Be Handled. <br />Stage I: Initial Contacts with the Disputing Parties <br />• Making initial contacts with the parties <br />• Building credibility <br />• Promoting rapport <br />• Educating the parties about the process <br />• Increasing commitment to the procedure <br />Stage 2: Selecting a Strategy to Guide Mediation <br />• Assisting the parties to assess various approaches <br />to conflict management and resolution <br />• Assisting the parties to select an approach <br />• Coordinating the approaches of the parties <br />Stage 3: Collecting and Analyzing Background Information <br />• Collecting and analyzing relevant data about the people, <br />dynamics, and substance of a conflict <br />• Verifying accuracy of data <br />• Minimizing the impact of inaccurate or unavailable data <br /> <br />Stage 4: Designing a Detailed Plan for Mediation <br />• Identifying strategies and consequent noncontingent moves that <br />will enable the parties to move toward agreement <br />• Identifying contingent moves to respond to situations peculiar <br />to the specific conflict <br /> <br />Stage 5: Building Trust and Cooperation <br />• Preparing disputants psychologically Wparticipate in <br />negotiations on substantive issues <br />• Handling strong emotions <br />• Checking perceptions and minimizing effects of stereotypes <br />• Building recognition of the legitimacy of the parties and issues <br />• Building trust <br />• Clarifying communications <br /> <br />Stage 6: Beginning the Mediation Session <br />• Opening negotiation between [he parties <br />• Establishing an open and positive [one <br />• Establishing ground rules and behavioral guidelines <br />• Assisting the parties in venting emotions <br />• Delimiting topic areas and issues for discussion <br />• Assisting the parties in exploring commitments, salience, <br />and influence <br />