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Last modified
7/14/2009 5:02:34 PM
Creation date
5/20/2009 10:11:37 AM
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UCREFRP
UCREFRP Catalog Number
9313
Author
Burdick, B. D., J. Flair, M. Lloyd and B. Scheer.
Title
Native and Nonnative Fish Use of Two Gravel-Pit Ponds Connected to the Upper Colorado River at 29-5/8 Road Near Grand Junction, Colorado.
USFW Year
1997.
USFW - Doc Type
Project number CAP-6-GP,
Copyright Material
NO
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sucker adults are flexible in their use of habitats, early life-history stages <br />of this species require inundated floodplains to grow and survive (Tyus and Karp <br />1989; 1990; 1991). Enhancement or restoration of floodplain habitats through <br />reconnection with upper basin rivers will improve the productivity of the <br />ecosystem for zooplankton and benthic invertebrates required by the early life <br />stages of the razorback sucker. Studies of backwaters of the Colorado and <br />Mississippi rivers (Edwards 1982; Schnick et al. 1982; Saiki 1976; Saiki et al. <br />1976; Kennedy and Tash 1979a,b; Ohmart et al. 1975) indicate that some <br />connectivity of backwaters and ponds with river channels are important. Direct <br />openings to the river permit water exchange that can prevent stagnation and <br />oxygen depletion, renew fresh organic material and nutrients, flush out harmful <br />contaminants (pesticides, herbicides, and trace elements) that may have <br />accumulated, provide fish access, and allow export of materials such as detritus, <br />plankton, and aquatic invertebrates to the river (Matter and Mannan 1988). <br />Wydoski and Wick (1996) recommended that any enhancement or restoration <br />endeavors must be made through experiments that are thoroughly evaluated using <br />the adaptive management approach. Attempts to restore large areas of floodplain <br />habitats would preclude adequate evaluations and refinements using the adaptive <br />management approach. Limited areas that are enhanced or restored should be <br />thoroughly evaluated and refinements made as necessary to determine the responses <br />of the endangered and nonnative fishes to such efforts. Experiments conducted <br />first on public property would preclude extremely high flow releases that would <br />cause sociological problems associated with the flooding of private agricultural <br />lands and the production of mosquitoes that could pose human health concerns. <br />If the experiments performed on public property are successful and it is <br />determined that more floodplain habitat is needed for restoration, then leasing <br />of private lands can be explored and implemented. <br />ALTERNATIVE MANAGEMENT OPTIONS <br />The following management options should be considered by the Recovery <br />Program as habitat improvements to assist recovery of Colorado River endangered <br />fishes. <br />na <br />to Restore Gravel-Mining Areas to Function as Historical Terraces to <br />Benefit Native Fishes. Rip-rap in levees and dikes, constructed to <br />protect gravel-mining activities and to prevent flooding in low-lying <br />areas along some stream reaches in the Grand Valley along the Upper <br />Colorado River, has reduced the width of the river channel. <br />Implementing new procedures to reclaim ponds as sloped terraces that <br />flood and drain seasonally to benefit endangered and native fishes <br />would have to be coordinated with and mutually agreed upon by gravel- <br />mining companies, Colorado Mined Land Reclamation, and Recovery <br />Program participants. Reclamation procedures should include the <br />specifications for designing and contouring the bottom in these ponds <br />to slope toward the river to allow seasonal flooding and draining. <br />These conditions should be identified when mining permits are <br />initially issued. The U. S. Army Corps of Engineers now has the <br />24
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