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<br />Petersen, M. S., K. E. Kunkel, and P. J. Lamb, 1991: Implementation of a semi-physical model for examining
<br />solar radiation in the Midwest. Preprints, 7th Conference on Applied Climatology, Salt Lake City. UT,
<br />September 10-13, 1991. American Meteorological Society, Boston, MA, 81-86.
<br />
<br />No abstract.
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<br />Pitter. R. L., and W. G. Finnegan, 1992: Mechanism of ice crystal habit fonnation and change. Proceedings,
<br />11th International Conference on Clouds and Precipitation, Montreal, Canada, August 17-21, 1992.
<br />International Commission on Clouds and Precipitation, International Association of Meteorology and
<br />Atmospheric Physics, Innsbruck, Austria. 79-80.
<br />
<br />No abstract.
<br />
<br />Pitter, R. 1.., and W. G. Finnegan, 1991: A mechanism for ice crystal symmetry and for processes of ice crystal
<br />growth and interaction. Poster presentation, Annual Meeting of the AAAS, Washington, DC,
<br />February 14-19, 1991. American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, DC.
<br />
<br />No abstract.
<br />
<br />Piner, R. 1.., and W. G. Finnegan. 1991: Implications of the se:paration of ions in growing ice crystals.
<br />Abstracts, IAMAP Symposia, Vienna, Austria, August 11-24, 1991. International Union of Geodesy and
<br />Geophysics, Brussels, Belgium.
<br />
<br />No abstract.
<br />
<br />Pitter, R. 1.., and R. Zhang, 1991: Numerical simulation of the scavenging rates of ice crystals of various
<br />microphysical characteristics. Advances in Atmospheric Science, 8:175-200.
<br />
<br />Numerical models of trajectories of small aerosol spheres relative to oblate spheroids were used to
<br />detennine ice crystal scavenging efficiencies. The models included the effects of aerodynamic flow
<br />about the ice particle, gravity. aerosol particle inertia, and drag and electrostatic effects. Two electric
<br />configurations of the ice particle were investigated in detail. The fITSt applied a net charge to the ice
<br />particle, of magnitude equal to the mean thunderstonn charge distribution, while the second applied a
<br />charge distribution, with no net charge, to the ice particle to model the electric multipole charge
<br />distribution. The results show that growing ice crystals with electric multipoles are better scavengers
<br />than single ice crystals with net thunderstonn charges, especially in the Greenfield gap (0.1 to 1.0 pm),
<br />and that larger single crystals are better scavengers than smaller single crystals. The results also show
<br />that the low density ice crystals are more effective scavengers with net charges than they are with
<br />charge distribution.
<br />
<br />Piner, R. 1.., and W. G. Finnegan, 1990: An experimental study of effects of soluble salt impuri6es on
<br />ice crystal processes during growth. Atmospheric Research, 25:71-88.
<br />
<br />Experimental investigations of phenomena associated with the growth and interaction of iice crystals
<br />during free-fall in supercooled liquid water clouds are presented. This report focuses on the effects that
<br />included inorganic salts have on the microphysical processes. Dilute aqueous solutions of inorganic
<br />salts of typical concentrations and chemical composition of atmospheric cloud and precipitation water
<br />were used to fonn supercooled liquid water clouds in .a cloud chamber. Subsequent nucleation of ice
<br />produced a cloud of rapidly growing ice crystals whiclh simulated atmospheric ice crystal initial growth
<br />and interaction. The investigations found that the salt composition affected: (1) ice crystal morphology;
<br />(2) orientation of aggregate junctions; and (3) probability of secondary ice fonnation occurring during an
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