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<br />Orville, H. D., W. R. Cotton, L. G. Davis, D. B. Johnson. and R. M. Rauber, 1986: A program of
<br />federal/state/local cooperative weather modification research: Design considerations. Part I:
<br />Hypothesis, description, and assessment. Final Report, NOAA Contract NA83RAC00088.
<br />L. O. Grant (ed.). Department of Aunospheric Science. Colorado State University. Fort Collins, CO,
<br />36 pp. + appendices (available from National Technical Infonnation Service, 5285 Port Royal Rd..
<br />Springfield, VA 22161).
<br />
<br />No abstract.
<br />
<br />Parungo. F. P., 1983: Comments on "Measurements of cloud nuclei in the effluents from launches of liquid- and
<br />solid-fuel~ rockets." Journal of Climate and Applied Meteorology. 22(8):1472-1473.
<br />
<br />No abstract.
<br />
<br />Parungo. F. P., and H. K. Weidemann, 1983: Ice crystal growth at (-8 :t2)OC. Journal de Recherches
<br />Atmospheriques, 17(2): 139-156.
<br />
<br />(
<br />In investigations made on (1) snow crystals collected at ground level, (2) hydrometeors replicated in
<br />clouds. and (3) ice crystals produced in the laboratory. two major particle fonns were observed at
<br />(-8 :t2)OC: non-crystalline frozen droplets and their conglomerates fonned at water saturation;
<br />hexagonal thick plates or columns fonned at ice supersaturation. The observations are explained as a
<br />consequence of the existence of a quasi-liquid layer on the ice surface. The thickness of the layer
<br />decreases with decreasing temperature and humidity. At (-8 :t2)OC and water saturation, the ice crystal
<br />surface may be fully covered with this liquid-like layer, thus preventing crystalline growth by
<br />conversion of vapor-to-ice. Instead, isometric growth takes place in two steps, frrst vapor to quasi-liquid
<br />layer, then quasi-liquid layer to ice. Frozen droplets are produced. Because of the quasi-liquid layer on
<br />their surface, the frozen droplets cohere easily on contact to fonn conglomerates or graupel. However,
<br />when the humidity decreases to ice saturation, the quasi-liquid layer disappears and vapor deposition
<br />growth becomes the main process to produce hexagonal crystals.
<br />
<br />Parungo. F. P.. and G. Langer. 1982: Comments on "Properties of pyrotechnic nucleants used in
<br />Grossversuch IV." Journal of Applied Meteorology, 21:1582-1583.
<br />
<br />No abstract.
<br />
<br />Parungo, F. P., and C. Nagamoto, 1982: Case study of hydrometeors in Florida cumuli. Preprints.
<br />. Conference on Cloud Physics, Chicago. IL, November 15-18. 1982. American Meteorological Society.
<br />Boston, MA, 366-369.
<br />
<br />No abstract.
<br />
<br />Parungo, F. P.. C. Nagamoto, I. Nolt, M. Dias, and E. Nickerson, 1982: Chemical analysis of cloud water
<br />collected over Hawaii. Journal of Geophysical Research, 87(Cll):8805-881O.
<br />
<br />Two types of cloud water collectors were developed, 'and the devices were used to collect samples
<br />around the Hawaiian Islands. The chemical analyses of cloud water showed that Na+, cr, and SO~ ion
<br />concentrations were approximately 10-4 m; NH:, NOj, and Ca++ were 1 order of magnitude lower. The
<br />pH values were in the range of 4-5 regardless of sampling locations. The high acidity of cloud water
<br />over Hawaii may originate in the ocean or from long-range transport of anthropogenic pollution, in
<br />addition to local pollution, if present.
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<br />I,
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