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48c <br /> Soil Permeability The duality of a soil layer that enables water, air, <br /> or other substances to move through it. The <br /> permeability of soil may be limited by the presence <br /> of one nearly impermeable layer even though the <br /> others are permable. <br /> Soil Profile A vertical section of the soil from the surface <br /> through all its horizons. Thickness as usually <br /> mapped in the soil survey is to 60 inches or to <br /> bedrock. <br /> Soil _Peaction The degree of acidity or alkalinity of a soil, <br /> usually expressed as a pH value. <br /> Soil Series The basic unit of soil classification being a <br /> subdivision of a fandly and consisting of soils <br /> which are essentially alike in all major profile <br /> characteristics except to texture of the A horizon. <br /> Soil Structure The combination or arrangement of primary soil <br /> particles into secondary particles, units, or <br /> peds. These secondary units are characterized <br /> and classified on the basis of size, shape, and <br /> degree of distinctness into classes, types, and <br /> grades, respectively. <br /> Soil Taxoncamy The classification of soils according to their <br /> _ _ natural relationships into a formal system of <br /> nomenclature. <br /> Soil Texture_ The relative proportions of sand, silt, and clay <br /> sized particles in a mass of soil. <br /> Subsoil The B horizon of soils with distinct profiles. In <br /> soils with weak profile development, the subsoil <br /> can be defined as the soil below the plowed soil <br /> in which roots normally grow. <br /> Substratum '�'oChni.cally, the part of the soil below where the <br /> �._ procense4 of soil formation are active (A and B <br /> horizons) ; generally, the parent materials or <br /> C horizon. <br /> Surface Soil The uppermost part of the soil profile which <br /> generally includes the A-horizon. <br /> Topsoil Presumably fertile soil material (or parent <br /> material) that possesses desirable biological, <br /> chemical, and physical properties for plant <br /> establishment and growth, which is often used <br /> to topdress disturbed lands. <br /> Torric A soil moiiture regime defined like aridic moisture <br /> regime but used in a different category of the soil <br /> taxonomy. <br />