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48b <br /> Mapping Unit A kind of soil, a combination of kinds of soil, or <br /> land types that can be shown at the scale of mapping <br /> for the defined purposes and objectives of the <br /> survey. Mapping units are generally designed to <br /> reflect significant differences in use and management. <br /> Mollic Epipedon Generally, a surface horizon of mineral soil that <br /> is dark colored and relatively thick, contains <br /> at least 0.580 organic carbon and is not massive <br /> and hard when dry. <br /> Ochric Epipedon Generally, a light-colored surface horizon low <br /> in organic matter which includes the eluvial <br /> layers near the surface, and is often hard and <br /> massive when dry. <br /> Paralithic A boundary between soil and coherent underlying <br /> contact material. The underlying material is normally a <br /> partially consolidated sedimentary rock such as <br /> sandstone, siltstone, loamstone, shale or marl. <br /> Its consolidation is such that roots cannot enter, <br /> but the material can be hand dug with a spade when <br /> moist. <br /> Sand Individual rock or mineral fragments in soils having <br /> diameters ranging from 0.05 to 2.0 millimeters. As <br /> a soil texture class, any soil that contains 85 <br /> percent or more sand and not more than 10 percent <br /> clay. <br /> Silt Individual mineral particles in a soil that range <br /> in diameter from the upper limit of clay (0.002 mm) <br /> to the lower limit of very fine sand (0.05 mm) . <br /> Soil of the silt textural class is 80 percent or <br /> more silt and has less than 12 percent clay. <br /> Soil The unconsolidated mineral and organic material on <br /> the immediate surface of the earth that serves as <br /> a natural medium for the growth of land plants and <br /> that has been subjected to and influenced by genetic <br /> and environmental factors. <br /> Soil Color Standard soil color notations based on the Munsell <br /> color system. (Example, 10 YR 3/2 = very dark grayish <br /> brown) . <br /> Soil Depth The depth of soil material that plant roots can <br /> penetrate readily to obtain water and plant nutrients. <br /> Soil Drainage The frequency and duration of periods when the soil <br /> is free of saturation or partial saturation. <br /> Soil Forming Time, relief, organisms, climate, and parent material. <br /> Factors <br /> Soil Horizon A layer of soil approximately parallel to the soil <br /> surface with characteristics produced by soil forming <br /> processes. Collectively , soil horizons form the soil <br /> profile. <br />