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detected by monitoring described in Section III.E, above, were deep ripped to relieve <br />compaction, pursuant to 4.06.4(1). <br />A topsoil amendment program will be initiated if visual observation or annual vegetation <br />monitoring indicates symptoms of nutrient deficiency within reclaimed vegetation stands. <br />Generally, native species are adapted to the fertility levels of the replaced topsoils, and <br />fertilization has not been shown to be of significant long term benefit in the region. <br />SCC may prepare a roughened seedbed on slopes steeper than 25% to be employed in <br />conjunction with broadcast seeding. The roughened seedbed entailed extensive gouging by <br />track-hoe or dozer blade, to provide additional erosion protection and sites for seedling <br />establishment on steep slopes. <br />The proposed operation is in compliance with the requirements of this section. <br />V. Sealing of Drilled Holes and Underground Openings <br />All exploration, drill or boreholes, wells, or other underground openings except those used <br />solely for surface blasting will be plugged or sealed to prevent acid or toxic drainage form <br />entering the groundwater, minimize disturbance to the prevailing hydrologic balance, and <br />ensure safety. Details of the sealing plan are located in Tab 18, Volume 12 of the permit <br />application package. No variance from regulatory requirements regarding sealing has been <br />requested or proposed for approval, and no such specific findings apply. The Division <br />requires that each hole, well or underground opening be capped, sealed, backfilled or <br />otherwise properly managed (4.07.3). <br />VI. Use of Explosives <br />Explosives were used to fragment overburden and exposed coal at the Seneca II-W Mine. <br />Seneca Coal Company typically used ammonium nitrate and fuel oil (ANFO) for this <br />purpose, primed with cast primers and detonated with detonating cord. A certified blaster <br />was to be in charge of all blasting operations to ensure compliance with State and Federal <br />laws. Additional information regarding blasting operations is located in Volume 11, Tab 14 <br />of the permit application package. <br />SCC submitted a revision to the permit application to establish maximum allowable ground <br />vibrations from blasting, as a result of damage to private property, including oil tanks and <br />an oil well. SCC was to maintain peak particle velocities at the oil well site of five inches <br />per second (ips) or less, and utilized a seismic monitor at the well site to verify maximum <br />peak particle velocities. SCC also increased the bore hole column stem in areas where mud <br />seams were encountered in the upper strata. These plans were implemented within 1,000 <br />feet of the Meridian Oil Well. <br />VII. Backfilling and Grading <br />Seneca II-W Findings Document 45 C1982057 <br />Permit Renewal No. 5 December 9, 2010