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EPA "Effects of Surface Mining on the Enviornment", profile of Non Metal, <br />Non Fuel Mining Industry. (7 pages) <br />Re?pec) full, <br />Z?aniel D. Dove <br />Exhibit a <br />Table 2.1. Hydraulic Conductivities of Selected Materials .5 <br />Granular Material Consolidated Material <br />Clay soils (surface) 0.01-0.2 m/day <br />Deep clay beds 10-8-10-2 m/day <br />Loam soils (surface) 0.1-1 m/day <br />Fine sand 1-5 m/day <br />Medium sand 5-20 m/day <br />Coarse sand 20-100 m/day <br />Gravel 100-1000 m/day <br />Sand and gravel <br />mixes <br />Clay, sand, and <br />gravel mixes (till) <br />5-100 m/day <br />0.001-0.1 m/day <br />Sandstone 0.001-1 m/day <br />Carbonate rock with <br />secopdary porosity 0.01-1 m/day <br />Shale 10-7 m/day _ <br />Dense, solid rock 10-5 m/day <br />Fractured or <br />weathered rock <br />(aquifers) <br />Fractured or <br />weathered rock <br />(core samples) <br />Volcanic rock <br />0.001-10 m/day <br />almost 0-300 m/day <br />almost 0- <br />1000 m/day <br />Chart of ground porosity of materials from Groundwater Hydrologlr, by H. <br />Bouwer; McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, New York 1978• <br />Illustrated in Ground Water Quality Protection, by Larry W. Canter, <br />Robert C. Knox, and Deborah M. Fairchild; Lewis Publishers, Inc. 1988.