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. Mountain snowberry and big sagebrush are often present in addition. The understory also <br />commonly includes introduced annual and biennial forbs and native annual and biennial forbs <br />such as two -lobe speedwell (Pocilla biloba) and Douglas knotweed. <br />Reference Area Descriptions <br />MOUNTAIN BRUSH REFERENCE AREA <br />(Photographs 47 -51) <br />Cover <br />(Table 11) <br />Native shrubs were the predominant lifeform observed in the Mountain Brush Reference Area, <br />contributing 66.3 percent toward total first -hit vegetation cover. Of this, Gambel's oak contributed <br />25.2 percent, Saskatoon serviceberry contributed 21.3 percent, and mountain snowberry <br />contributed 13.9 percent. <br />• Also observed in the area was hound's tongue. <br />Total average vegetation cover for first hits was 81.5 percent. For herbaceous vegetation, total <br />average cover for first hits was 14.4 percent. Cover by standing dead, litter, bare soil and rock <br />averaged 1.4, 11.1, 6.1 and 0 percent, respectively. Average species density was 35.3 species <br />per 100sq. m. <br />Production <br />(Table 12) <br />Total herbaceous production in 2008 was 770.9 pounds per acre. Native perennial cool season <br />grasses and native perennial forbs were most prolific, contributing 308.7 and 421.1 pounds per <br />acre, respectively. <br />• 22 <br />