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Chapter V <br /> • This concept has been/will be implemented where practicable. Limiting site conditions <br /> would include bedrock along the roads, or areas of narrow road width. <br /> Riprap. Riprap has been/will be placed below culvert outfalls and road ditch outlets. <br /> The riprap zone will extend approximately 8-10'. Riprap materials will consist of rock of <br /> variable size and shape, mixed rather than segregated. Large size rock material will be <br /> included for steeper slopes and areas of considerable flow velocity. The design is <br /> indicated at Vol. 3-A, Map II-B-7 Att. 2. <br /> Catchment Basins. Catchment basins will be installed where feasible along road <br /> drainage ditches, to serve as sediment collection systems. The basins will be placed <br /> across the road ditch, generally above the terminus of the road ditch outlet. Size, <br /> depth and configuration will be determined by ground conditions and available space at <br /> the respective sites. When ground conditions allow, the catchment basins will be <br /> constructed as incised ponds, rectangular in shape, approximately 14' wide x 20' long x <br /> 4-6' deep. <br /> Berms. Berms will be placed or retained along the outside portion of the roads when <br /> necessary to prevent road drainage flowing over the outside and eroding the fill slope. <br /> Areas of use would include portions of the road where the bedrock conditions prevent <br /> excavation of a road ditch. In general, berms will not be used on roads or in sectors <br /> • where winter snowplowing could knock berm material over the outside slope of the <br /> road. Road maintenance will be done so as to avoid knocking berm material over the <br /> outside slope of the road. Berms will generally be used in conjunction with water bars, <br /> to direct flow of the road drainage. <br /> Water Bars. Water bars of 6-12" in height are used at specified locations as necessary <br /> to direct flows. Generally, water bars will be constructed at an angle, leading to the <br /> inside ditch. Where feasible, however, water bars may be used to direct flows to the <br /> outside edge of the road, for discharge onto moderate, well vegetated slopes. Water <br /> bars to the outside will not be used where road drainage would discharge onto <br /> unstable, steep, erosive or poorly vegetated slopes. <br /> Culverts. Culverts are used at specified locations to convey road drainage. Where <br /> possible, culvert outfalls should discharge onto vegetated slopes of moderate terrain,' <br /> and avoid erosive soils. Riprap is placed beneath culvert outfalls. <br /> Culvert downstructures are utilized as a means to convey drainage over unstable fills, <br /> or unstable natural slopes. Downstructures may not be advisable in avalanche areas; <br /> and in areas which normally receive heavy snowpack, as they are subject to snow <br /> damage. The pressure of the snow tends to pull the downstructure apart from the <br /> culvert at the band. Avalanches also compress, twist or otherwise damage the <br /> • structure. In such circumstances alternative means, such as geowebbing, may be , <br /> employed. <br /> 18 <br /> Revised 7/92 <br />