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• total vegetation cover. Big sagebrush averaged half of this total and three other species <br />contributed the remaining half. Native annual and biennial forbs accounted for 1.8 percent of total <br />vegetation cover. Gumweed (Grindelia squarrosa) and bigfruit willowherb (Epilobium <br />brachycarpum) each contributed to this total. Introduced annual grass contributed 1.5 percent of <br />total vegetation cover. The only contributing species was Japanese brome (Bromus japonicus). <br />Moss averaged 0.8 percent of total vegetation cover. <br />Total vegetation cover was 38.2 percent. Standing dead, litter, bare soil, and rock cover values <br />were 0.2, 40.4, 20.2, and 1.0 percent respectively. Species density averaged 26.8 species per <br />100 sq. m. <br />Herbaceous Production (Table 2) <br />Total herbaceous production for all species other than alfalfa averaged 1,056 pounds per acre. <br />No alfalfa was observed in this reclamation area. <br />Woody Plant Density (Table 3) <br />Native shrubs averaged 595 individuals per acre. Wood's rose (Rosa woodsii) contributed nearly <br />half of this total. Big sagebrush (Seriphidium tndentatum) contributed more than one-fifth and <br />mountain snowberry (Symphoricarpos rotundifolius) accounted for more than one tenth. <br />Saskatoon serviceberry (Amelanchieralnifolia), bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata), Gambel's oak <br />(Querous gambelir), rubber rabbitbrush (Chrysothamnus nauseosus), and Douglas rabbitbrush <br />(Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus) also contributed to the total woody plant density. <br />1996 Reclaimed Area <br />(Photographs 5 through 8) <br />Cover (Table 4) <br />• Native perennial cool season grasses averaged 53.6 percent of total vegetation cover for this <br />reclaimed area. Mountain brome accounted for nearly one-third and Agassiz bluegrass averaged <br />more than one-fifth of this total. Western wheatgrass and slender wheatgrass were also major <br />contributors. Minor contributors included Nelson needlegrass (Achnatherum nelsonir), sheep <br />fescue (Festuca brachyphylla ssp. coloradensis), Canada bluegrass (Poa compressa), (oxtail <br />barley (Criterion jubatum), thickspike wheatgrass (Elymus lanceolatus fm. dasystachya), Rocky <br />Mountain fescue (Festuca saximontana), basin wildrye (Leymus cinereus), and Sandberg <br />bluegrass (Poa secunda). Introduced annual and biennial forbs contributed 21.0 percent of total <br />vegetation cover. Twolobe speedwell contributed nearly three-fifths and prickly lettuce averaged <br />more than one-fifth of this total. The remaining fifth was comprised of six other species. <br />Introduced perennial grasses contributed 7.9 percent of total vegetation cover. Orchard grass <br />averaged more than 98 percent of this total and the balance was contributed by hard sheep <br />fescue (Festuca ovina var. duriuscula). Native perennial forbs and introduced perennial forbs <br />each averaged 6.9 percent of total vegetation cover. The native forbs were comprised of twelve <br />species, while Cicer milkvetch and alfalfa were the only contibutors for the introduced forbs. <br />Native annual and biennial forbs accounted for 1.5 percent of total vegetation cover. This total <br />was comprised of bigfruit willowherb and linerleaf collomia. Japanese brome, an introduced <br />annual grass, contributed 1.3 percent of total vegetation cover. Big sagebrush, a native shrub, <br />averaged 0.5 percent of total vegetation cover. Quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides), a native <br />tree, contributed 0.3 percent of total vegetation. Moss was found in this area, but did not <br />contribute measurably to total vegetation cover. <br />Total vegetation cover was 37.8 percent. Standing dead, litter, bare soil, and rock cover values <br />were 1.1, 30.1, 28.7, and 2.3 percent respectively. Species density averaged 30.5 species per <br />100 sq. m. <br />r, <br />U <br />