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2001 Soil Sampling: Seneca Mine, Hayden Colorado <br />C~ <br />Subsoil- The same sample pits were sampled for subsoil/spoil from the bottom of <br />the topsoil horizon to the top of spoil material. Field descriptions are located in <br />Appendix IV and lab data is located in Appendix II. All subsoil in all sample pits <br />classifies as suitable subsoil (Appendix III, Table-2). The results follow: <br />Depth- The average depth to the start of subsoil is 12 inches (1.0 feet) below <br />the surtace. Depth to subsoil ranges 0 to 18 inches (0 to 1.5 feet). <br />Textures- Textures range sandy loam, loam, clay loam; and clay. Clay <br />content averages 35 percent and ranges 22 to 60 percent, sand content <br />averages 23 percent and ranges 9 to 54 percent. Silt content averages 42 <br />percent and ranges 31 to 52 percent. <br />Rock Fragments- Rock fragments average 20 percent and range 5 to 40 <br />percent. Rock Fragments are predominantly gravel and cobble size (2mm to <br />75mm and 75mm to 250mm) of sedimentary origin, primarily ;sandstone with <br />some fragments of shale, siltstone, and coal. <br />Structure- Structure of the subsoil is strong coarse and very coarse sub- <br />angular blocky structure. Such structure is typical of mechanically <br />. redistributed subsoil. <br />Consistence- Dry consistence in the subsoil layer averages very.hard with a <br />range of hard to extremely hard. Dry consistence indicates moderate <br />compaction through the use of mechanical equipment for subsoil <br />redistribution. Moist consistence averages firm and ranges firm to very firm. <br />Lab Data- Lab data is located in Appendix II. The subsoil pH ranges 7.1 to <br />7.8 and averages 7.6 which is moderately alkaline. Organic matter averages <br />3.8 percent and ranges 1.4 to 6.2. These results and all other lab data <br />indicates subsoil in all sample pits as suitable (Appendix III, Table-2). <br />Vegetation- <br />Above Ground- At all sample pit locations, above ground foliar development <br />is good to excellent Plant form is typical for respective species. Plant color is <br />good and there are no color indications of mineral deficiencies or toxicity. Soil <br />tab data indicates that minerals are in sufficient quantity to foster normal <br />growth pattern. Plant vigor is good to excellent Ground cover is good and a <br />litter layer is starting to develop. Additionally, new seedling establishment, <br />either through rhizomes or seed, is occurring outside initial seed rows. This is <br />increasing foliar canopy cover and filling bare ground voids. <br />Below Ground- Root penetration into the upper topsoil is good to excellent. <br />Typically, roots range common to many very fine, fine and medium roots <br />Page 9 of 10 <br />11/09/01 <br />