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1984; Grady 1984). The Historic period is defined by contact with Euro-Americans, after ca. A.D. 1540, and can be divided into a series of overlapping temporal/socio- economic/political themes. Those themes appropriate for the project area include Early Exploration and the Fur Trade (1764-1876), Native American-Euro-American Interactions (1764 to 1889), Early Transportation and the Railroads (1859 to 1934), Ranching and Farming (1859-1945), Coal Mining (1870 to 1945), and Federal Activity (1889 to 1945) (Mehls 1984; Husband 1984). Prehistoric site types known in the region include open lithic scatters and rock shelter camps. Historic sites include homesteads, and the remains of early roads and railroads. Grady's (1980) study of the Piceance Basin demonstrated that seasonal resource use by aboriginal peoples was probably tied to the migration of the mule deer from the lowlands to the uplands. The prehistoric occupation of the study area spans all the developmental stages. The recovery of Cody complex artifacts indicated a Paleo-Indian component at site 5RT139 in the Seneca II mine permit area (Hand 1980). This site also yielded an Archaic component, radiocarbon dated between 4480 and 3950 B.C., and a Formative stage component, radiocarbon dated to A. D. 820 (Tucker 1981). A Late Prehistoric projectile point was found near the Seneca ZI mine at site 5RT487 (Conner and Langlon 1985). Historic sites in the vicinity were related to agricultural activities, probably post- ~ dating A.D. 1880 (Wheeler 1980; Killam 1984). The areas inventoried by Powers for the present project consisted of three well pads each 100 ft sq, and short access roads 100 ft in width. In total the survey covered 11 acres. The objectives of the Powers investigations were to locate, identify, and evaluate all cultural resources within the parcels surveyed. This was to include the proper recordation of all cultural materials or features, and their assignment, if possible, to functional types and cultural periods. These resources could then be interpreted within the RP3 contexts, and evaluated against the criteria for nomination to the NRHP, as spelled out in 36 CFR Part 60.4. If significant sites were thus identified, then recommendations for their future treatment would be offered in this report. Cultural sites were defined as three or more artifacts more than 50 years old located in close proximity to each other (ca. 25 sq m), or the presence of a feature or structure. Isolated finds were to less than three whole cultural items not associated with a feature or structure.