2007-03-27_PERMIT FILE - M2007021

• Permit No: M2007021
• IBM Index Class Name: Permit File
• Doc Date: 3/27/2007
• Doc Name: New 110c Appl
• From: Mike Bennett
• To: DRMS
• Media Type: D
• Archive: No

65
classification of the soils
The system of soil classification used by the National
Cooperative Soil Survey has six categories (b). Beginning
with the broadest, these categories are the order,
suborder, great group, subgroup, family, and series.
Classification is based on soil properties observed in the
field or inferred from those observations or from
laboratory measurements. In table 17, the soils of the
survey area are classified according to the system. The
categories are defined in the following paragraphs.
ORDER. Ten soil orders are recognized. The
differences among orders reflect the dominant soil-
forming processes and the degree of soil formation.
Each order is identified by a word ending in so% An
example is Entisol.
SUBORDER. Each order is divided into suborders
primarily on the basis of properties that influence soil
genesis and are important to plant growth or properties
that reflect the most important variables within the
orders. The last syllable in the name of a suborder
indicates the order. An example is Aquent (Aqu, meaning
water, plus ent, from Entisol).
GREAT GROUP. Each suborder is divided into great
groups on the basis of close similarities in kind,
arrangement, and degree of development of pedogenic
horizons; soil moisture and temperature regimes; and
base status. Each great group is identified by the name
of a suborder and by a prefix that indicates a properly of
the soil. An example is Fluvaquents (F/uv, meaning
produced by flowing water, plus aquent, the suborder of
the Entisols that have an aquic mosture regime).
SUBGROUP. Each great group has a typic subgroup.
Other subgroups are intergrades or extragrades. The
typic is the central concept of the great group; it is not
necessarily the most extensive. Intergrades are
transitions to other orders, suborders, or great groups.
Extragrades have some properties that are not
representative of the great group but do not indicate
transitions to any other known kind of soil, Each
subgroup is identified by one or more adjectives
preceding the name of the great group. The adjective
Typic identifies the subgroup that typifies the great
group. An example is Typic Fluvaquents.
FAMILY. Families are established within a subgroup on
the basis of physical and chemical properties and other
characteristics that affect management. Mostly the
properties are those of horizons below plow depth where
there is much biological activity. Among the properties
and characteristics considered are particle-size class,
mineral content, temperature regime, depth of the root
zone, consistence, moisture equivalent, slope, and
permanent cracks. A family name consists of the name
of a subgroup preceded by terms that indicate soil
properties. An example is coarse-loamy, mixed
(calcareous), mesic Typic Fluvaquents.
SERIES. The series consists of soils that have similar
horizons in their profile. The horizons are similar in color,
texture, structure, reaction, consistence, mineral and
chemical composition, and arrangement in the profile.
The texture of the surface layer or of the substratum can
differ within a series. The Las Animas series is a
member of the coarse-loamy, mixed (calcareous), mesic
family of Typic Fluvaquents.
soil series and their morphology
In this section, each soil series recognized in the
survey area is described. The descriptions are arranged
in alphabetic order.
Characteristics of the soil and the material in which it
formed are identified for each series. The soil is
compared with similar soils and with nearby soils of
other series. A pedon, a small three-dimensional area of
soil, that is typical of the series in the survey area is
described. The detailed description of each soil horizon
follows standards in the Soil Survey Manual (~. Many of
the technical terms used in the descriptions are defined
in Soil Taxonomy (6). Unless otherwise stated, colors in
the descriptions are for moist soil. Following the pedon
description is the range of important characteristics of
the soils in the series.
The map units of each soil series are described in the
section "Detailed soil map units."
Albinas series
The Albinas series consists of deep, well drained soils
that formed in loamy alluvium. Albinas soils are on
stream terraces and flood plains along intermittent
drainageways. Slopes are 0 to 2 percent. The mean
annual precipitation is 17 inches, and the mean annual
temperature is 50 degrees F.
Albinas soils are similar to Haxtun soils. They are near
Haxtun, Paoli, Bankard, Haverson, and Rago soils.
Haxtun soils have a buried horizon within a depth of 40
inches. Paoli soils are coarser textured than Albinas soils