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<br />APPENDIX A • <br />GENE;4AL METHODOLOGY OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEYING <br />An archaeological reconnaissance attempts to locate cultural manifestat- <br />ions of human activities. Cultural remains found may be either structural <br />features or artifacts. Structural features include historical or prehistoric <br />buildings, such as houses, sweat lodges, teepee rings or anything built by <br />human activities. Artifacts include historic trash or pottery, stone tools <br />and flakes, or anything used or modified by human activity. <br />Archaeological reconnaissance is conducted by a series of on-foot sweeps <br />across an area by a crew of usually three to four members. The width of the <br />sweep is dependent upon topography, vegetation, and number of crew members. <br />Narrow sweeps are usually conducted in areas of high relief and dense <br />vegetation, while xi der sweeps are suitable in areas of low relief and sparse • <br />vegetation. Cut banks of arroyos are also checked for buried remains. The <br />entire area is usually surveyed unless the area has been severely disturbed, <br />the slope is greater than 20% grade, or vegetation is very dense, making a <br />finding of any cultural remains unlikely. <br />Sweeps are usually conducted between easily defined landmarks such as <br />fence lines, roads, or drainages. Crew members spread out at an appropriate <br />interval and begin moving along a predetermined course. The outside crew <br />member takes note of his route. On the return sweep he tries to parallel his <br />previous sweep at the appropriate interval. This sometimes involves the use <br />of aids such as a compass or flagging tape. The crew members keep in visual <br />and vocal contact as they zig-zag across their areas. Special attention is <br />given to clearings or good locations for prospective sites exemplified by • <br />hilltops close to water that have a southeast-facing slope or a rock overhang. <br />A-1 sclance sarvlces dlvlslon <br />