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48b <br />• <br />• <br />• <br />Mapping Unit A kind of soil, a combination of kinds of soil, or <br />land types that can be shown at the scale of mapping <br />for the defined purposes and objectives of the <br />survey. Mapping units are yenerally designed to <br />reflect significant differences in use and management. <br />Nbllic Epipc~on Generally, a surface horizon of mineral soil that <br />is dark colored and relatively thick, contains <br />at least 0.580 organic carbon and is not massive <br />and hard when dry. <br />Cchric Epipedon Generally, a light-colored surface horizon low <br />in organic matter which includes the eluvial <br />layers near the surface, and is often hard and <br />massive when dry. <br />Paralithic A boundary between Soil and coherent underlying <br />contact ratz~iul. The u~iderlying material is normally a <br />partially consolidated sedimentary rock such as <br />sandstone, siltstone, loamstone, shale or marl. <br />Its consolidation is such that roots cannot enter, <br />but the material can be hand dug with a spade when <br />moist. <br />Saul Individual rock or mineral fragments in soils having <br /> diameters ranging from 0.05 to 2.0 millimeters. As <br /> a soil texture class, any soil that contains 85 <br /> percent or more sand and not more than 10 percent <br /> clay. <br />Silt Individual mineral particles in a soil that rangy <br /> in diameter from the upper limit of clay (0.002 rtm) <br /> to the lower limit of very fine sand (0.05 mm) . <br /> Soil of the silt textural class is 80 percent or <br /> more silt and has less than 12 percent clay. <br />Soil The unconsolidated mineral and organic material on <br /> the immediate surface of the earth that serves as <br /> a natural medium for the growth of land plants and <br /> that has been subjected to and influenced by genetic <br /> and environmental factors. <br />Soil Color Standard soil color notations based on the Munsell <br /> color system. (FScample, 10 YR 3/2 = very dark grayish <br /> brown). <br />Soil Depth The depth of soil material that plant roots can <br />penetrate readily to obtain water and plant nutrients. <br />Soil Drainage The frequency and duration of periods when the soil <br />is free of saturation or partial saturation. <br />Soil Forming Time, relief, organisms, climate, and parent material. <br />Factors <br />Soil Horizon A layer of soil approximately parallel to the soil <br />surface with characteristics produced by soil foaming <br />processes. Col.l.ectivel.y, soil horizons form the soil <br />profile. <br />