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11 <br />• information that can be used to associate different site features with different owners. The <br />archaeological information can illuminate the chain of title since it reflects the occupants of the site, <br />who were not necessarily the owners. Diagnostic artifacts and artifact attributes, such as ratios <br />between cut and wire nails, bottle finish treatment, maker's mazks, newspaper and magazine <br />remains, can closure and seam treatments, and glass colors, all will help establish age. Absolute ages <br />will hopefully be derived from four logs from Structure 1 which have been sent for tree ring analysis. <br />Other chronological information may be available from the county assessor's office, and from census <br />records at the National Archives, both of which will be explored as part of the analysis phase. <br />Ethnicity, sotto-economy, subsistence, and settlement patterns are all inextricably <br />interrelated. Architectural and building styles; the preponderance or paucity of manufactured goods <br />and items (as opposed to self-made materials and products); the use of materials procured through <br />a cash economy; the presence of items that might suggest ethnic origin; toys; food stuff remains <br />including bone, seeds and pits; items that might be associated with food procurement such as <br />cartridges, agricultural implements, and food storage containers; are among the data sources that <br />have been recovered or recorded at [he site. In concert with the title chain, and with census <br />information and site contextual information, these artifacts can hopefully be associated with persons <br />or families of known ethnicity and makeup and with certain periods of occupation at the site. <br />The issue of technology within the framework of the reseazch design for this site has focused <br />on the possible use of Native American technologies, specifically flintknapping and possibly also <br />production of ceramics. There is now a fairly sizable assemblage of worked glass artifacts from the <br />• site, both from excavated contexts and from surface collection. It also appears that there is a separate <br />aboriginal component to the site that includes both chipped and ground stone artifacts as well as <br />ceramics. Further, evidence indicates the historic "flintknapping" activities were limited to working <br />glass and that the various lithic tools and lithic debitage at the site are not of historic origin. There <br />is some evidence from the site that the historic occupants collected prehistoric artifacts. Six <br />projectile points have been recovered, at least some of which appeaz to be types that could be <br />associated with the ceramics. Interestingly, two of the points were recovered from mud mortaz used <br />in the construction of the stone foundation of Structwe 1. The aboriginal component is not <br />significant due t~ compromised integrity (in part due to the historic occupation) and general paucity <br />of materials in contexts with good integrity. It is quite likely that a substantial portion of the <br />prehistoric site, and quite possibly an azea with better integrity, was removed by gravel quarrying <br />operations that have occurred at this location. <br />Excavations and other data recovery investigations at the site have succeeded in identifying <br />the primary structures at the site and recovering samples of artifacts from the contexts of all of the <br />residential structures, and from other areas of the site. Test excavations from the spring of 1997, and <br />isolated excavation units from the data recovery effort indicate that structure remains may not remain <br />at other reported building locations and the artifactual remains in these areas aze spazse and relatively <br />uninformative. Artifactual materials and structural information spans the entire known period of <br />historic occupation of the site. Three primary occupations aze suspected: the first, by Lorenzo <br />Sandoval, and resulting in the construction of the dugout and Structure 1; the second, by T. J. <br />• Andrews and resulting in the construction of the remainder of the site's structures; and the third, by <br />the Trujillo family, who occupied and used structures akeady present and did not build any new <br />