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I-3 <br />• TECHNICAL TERMS: DESCRIPTIVE GEOTECHNICAL LOGS <br />ARDNE S <br />The hardness or consistency of the material is recorded <br />using a visual and sensory description. It is assumed that <br />the difference between a soil and rock lies in the question <br />of hardness or strength. The hardest soil is a "very stiff <br />soil" and this borders on the softest rock which is class- <br />ified as a "very soft rock". Five descriptions of soil con- <br />sistency or hardness have been devised ranging from "very <br />soft" to "very stiff" soils. Likewise, five descriptions of <br />rock hardness have been similarly drawn up, based on simple <br />field tests such as behavior when scratched with a knife or <br />hit with a geological hammer. The rock descriptions range <br />from "very soft rock" to "very, very hard rock". The soils <br />thus merge into rocks, all on a basis of hardness and the <br />whole 10-point scale ranges from "very soft soil" to "very, <br />very hard rock". The categories for hardness of the material <br />are recorded according to the following designations: <br />• <br /> Description Code <br />Very soft soil - easily molded in fingers; p <br /> shows distinct heelmarks <br />Soft Soil - molds in fingers with strong 1 <br /> pressure; faint heelmarks <br />Firm soil - very difficult to mold in 2 <br /> fingers; difficult to cut <br /> .with a hand spade <br />Stiff soil - cannot be molded in fingers; 3 <br /> cannot be cut with hand spade <br /> and requires hand-picking <br /> for excavation <br />Very stiff soil - very tough and difficult to 4 <br /> move with handpick; requires <br /> pneumatic spade for excavation <br /> <br />SEEGMILLER INTERNATIONAL <br />