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• Within the study area seeps were identified and all known <br />springs were sampled. Spring locations were obtained from topo- <br />graphic maps and communication with persons in the area. Each <br />site was then visited, observations recorded and a sample of the <br />water obtained. Notice was made of any seeps encountered in <br />regards to elevation and proximity to springs. <br />In total, four spring/seep groups were located (see Map No. <br />201. Two occur just outside the one-mile radius but were included <br />to provide water quality and aquifer information. The remaining <br />two groups are west and northwest of the permit area. They orig- <br />inate in the Vermejo Formation which is host to the mineable coal <br />beds. <br />All appear to be contact springs. These are created when <br />a permeable water-bearing formation which overlies a less perme- <br />able formation intersects the ground surface. Occurances of this <br />• type are usually along the sides of valleys that cut across the <br />contact between different strata. <br />Following is a description of each spring/seep group which <br />was visited. Amore detailed description of the probable mining <br />impacts is included later in this report. <br />Moores canyon Spring, Section 5 <br />The upper reaches of Moores Canyon are accessable only by <br />jeep trail. As such, it was possible to visit only the spring <br />shown on the east side of the canyon. however, visual observa- <br />tions of First Spring were made across the canyon. Both springs <br />are located in the upper Raton Formation, presumably in one of <br />the several coarse grained sandstone beds. A highly permeable <br /> <br />FISHER, HARDEN 8 FISHER <br />128 <br />