Laserfiche WebLink
l <br />stone, ground stone, ceramics, bone, shell and other artifacts from dated stratified deposits can <br />provide valuable information with regazd to the technology theme. <br />HISTORIC RESEARCH DESIGN <br />After consideration of the cultwal history of the Historic Period, four themes or property types <br />were identified based on a reconnaissance of the azea and knowledge of the local history. These <br />themes were adapted from the mountains historic period RP3 (Mehls 1984). The themes include <br />Cattle and Livestock Ranches and Associated Features (1881-1944), hrigation System Resources <br />(1880-195I), Coal Mining Associated Buildings, Structures, Sites and Complexes (1880-1951) <br />and Transportation Resources (1880-1949). <br />PROPERTY TYPES <br />Type IA: Cattle and Livestock Ranches and Associated Features (1881-1944) <br />Description: A distinct pattern in the rural built environment has been identified in and azound <br />the Project Area associated with the theme of ranching after 1881. It is based on a scheme briefly <br />outlined by Husband in the Plateau Country RP3 and Mehls in the Mountains RP3 and confirmed <br />by field observation. The pattern's stages are discussed below. <br />Pioneer Stage, 1881-1910 <br />The pioneer stage of development proved short lived, but repetitive. Some building techniques, <br />such as log construction, were well adapted to the pioneering periods, whether it was during the <br />eazly 1880s or the eazly 1900s. Building techniques typical of the stage depended on readily . <br />available building materials, such as log or stone. Buildings associated with this property type <br />may exhibit additions and use of more modem materials, such as asphalt shingle roofing for <br />maintenance, or concrete for replacement of deteriorated foundations. With the exception of the <br />barns, the buildings are typically one or one and one-half stories tall. Stylistically the pioneer <br />stage buildings could be categorized as folk or vernacular in the n-uest sense. Outbuildings on <br />these pioneer homesteads were few and tended to be multi-functional of log, pole and mud, mud <br />and stone, or dugout construction. Construction dates for this property type range between 1881 <br />and 1920. <br />After approximately 1890 local builders had available, and used milled lumber, pre- <br />manufactwed parts and millwork and non-native stone. Because of that, the pioneer lean-tos and <br />log cabins along timbered drainages either disappeazed from the landscape or took on a different <br />function as those who prospered replaced their first houses and buildings. The railroads also <br />made possible the use of coal for fuel. Coal for heat resulted in changes to the interior layout and <br />furnishings of the houses. <br />The architecture of the pioneer stage took on the look and general style of late 19'" century and <br />eazly 20'" century rural America. Assigning temporal associations for each of the various types of <br />architectural styles is difficult because some areas, such as the ranches around Delta or Paonia, <br />matured and developed a more sophisticated built environment at the same time that residents in <br />other parts of the county were just beginning the settlement process described above. <br />16 <br />