Laserfiche WebLink
y a , • • <br />is <br />A total of 28 elements was deter- <br />mined in 113 CKD samples. In addition, <br />seven anion species, carbon dioxide., <br />noncarbonate carbon, and chemically <br />bound water were determined in all sam- <br />ples. Mercury was determined in 16 <br />selected samples. <br />Chemical analyses show 13 elements <br />or anion species occurring in CKD at <br />concentrations consistently greater than <br />0.05 wt-pct. These constituents are A1, <br />Ca, C1-, C02, F-, Fe, K, Mg, Na, <br />Si, 5042-, Sr, and Ti. The upper <br />range limits Eor heavy metal concentra- <br />tions such as lead and zinc are a factor <br />of 2 or 3 less than the value reported <br />for a CKD sample Erom 8laubeuren, West <br />Germany (3). <br />The U.S. Environmental Protection <br />Agency EP toxicity test was performed on <br />all samples. Only 1 of the 113 samples <br />had a leachate concentration that ex- <br />ceeded any of the limits; it slightly <br />exceeded the criterion for lead. <br />Cement kiln dust is a large-volume <br />material and a poCential resource as a <br />substitute Eor Lime. Any environmental <br />considerations are minor, as the results <br />of this extensive survey show that U.S. <br />CKD is not a hazardous waste as defined <br />by current regulations established under <br />RCRA. <br />REFERENCES <br />1. Agemian, H., and A. S. Y. Chau. <br />An Improved Digestion Method for the <br />Extraction of Mercury From Environmental <br />Samples. Analyst, v. 101, 1976, pp. <br />91-95. <br />2. A. T. Kearney, Inc. Multimedia <br />Assessment and Environmental Research <br />Needs of the Cement Industry. Contract <br />68-03-2586, Work Directive 2586-WD1, <br />USEPA G-195, 1979, 84 pp. <br />3. Davis, T. A., and D. B. Hooks. <br />Disposal and Utilization of Waste Kiln <br />Dust From Cement industry. EPA-670/2- <br />15-043, 1975, 54 pp. <br />4. Federal Register. Part IV, Envi- <br />ronmental Protection Agency: Hazardous <br />Waste; Proposed Guidelines and Regula- <br />tions and Proposal on the Identification <br />and Listing. V. 43, No. 243, Dec. l8, <br />1978, pp. 58946-59028; 110 CFR, Part <br />250. <br />5. Parts II-IK, Environmen- <br />tal Protection Agency: Hazardous Waste <br />and Consolidated Permit Regulations. V. <br />115, No. 98, May 19, 1980, Book 2, pp. <br />33063-33285; 110 CFR, Parts 260-265. <br />6. Haynes, B. W. Electrothermal <br />Atomic Absorption Determination of <br />Arsenic and Antimony in Combustible <br />Municipal Solid Waste. Atomic Absorp- <br />tion Newsletter, v. 17, No. 3, 1978, pp. <br />49-52. <br />7. Haynes, B. W., G. W. Kramer, and <br />J. A. Jo11y. Fluorine and Uranium in <br />Phosphate Rock Processing and Waste Ma- <br />terials. BuMines RL 8576, 1981, 17 pp. <br />8. Haynes, B. W., S. L. Law, and J. <br />A. Jolly. Eastern Cement Kiln Dust Char- <br />acterization. Pres. at L10th AI ME Ann. <br />Meeting, Chicago, i11., Feb.22-26, 1981, <br />TMS Preprint A81-39, 10 pp. <br />9. Haynes, B. W., J. C. McConnell, <br />and S. L. Law. Antimony, Arsenic and <br />Mercurv in the Combustible Fraction of <br />Municipal Solid Waste. BuMines RI 8293, <br />1978, 11 pp. <br />10. U.S. Congress. Conference Report <br />on S. 1156, Solid Waste Disposal Act <br />Amendments. Congressional Record - <br />House, Oct. L, 1980, pp. H10174-HL0187. <br />11. Resource Conservation and <br />Recovery Ac[ of 1976, Public Law 94-580, <br />Oct. 21, 1976. <br />12. Wheeler, W. E., and R. R. Oltjen. <br />Cement Kiln Dust in Diets Eor Finishing <br />Steers. U.S. Dept. Agriculture, Agricul- <br />tural Research Service, ARS-NE-88, 9 pp. <br />~N i.~BU.OF MiN ES.P GH..PY 261)9 <br />