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<br />areas of soils that are similar to this Teflon soil but are
<br />better drained.
<br />Permeability of this Tefton sail is moderate or
<br />moderately slow. Effective rooting depth is 24 to 36
<br />inches because of the presence of a high water table.
<br />Available water capacity is high. Runoff is slow, and the
<br />hazard of erosion is moderate. This soil has a fluctuating
<br />water table in most places that rises to within 2 to 3 feet
<br />of the surface during spring and summer. The soil is
<br />subject to flooding except where protected by building
<br />upstream dams or channeling by streams. Flooding
<br />commonly occurs during spring snowmeli or during the
<br />rainy season In fall.
<br />This unit is used mainly for irrigated cultivated crops
<br />and pasture and as rangeland. Alfalfa, barley, and oats
<br />are the main irrigated crops. Tha irrigated pasture is a
<br />mixture of alfalfa and introduced grasses.
<br />The main management concerns on irrigated pasture
<br />and cropland are controlling water erosion, mainta"ruing
<br />the organic matter content and fertility of the surface
<br />layer, and properly using irrigation water. On irrigated
<br />pasture, proper grazing use and planned grazing systems
<br />help to maintain the quality and quantity of grasses and
<br />legumes. Erosion can be contrailed by maintaining a
<br />plant cover on the soil. Irrigation methods suited to this
<br />unit are corrugat4on, flooding, and sprinkler systems.
<br />Corrugation and sprinkler systems are suited to small
<br />grain, alfalfa, and pasture. Flood irrigation can also be
<br />used for pasture. Regardless of the irrigation method
<br />used, water should be applied at a rate slow enough to
<br />minimize erosion.
<br />The native vegetation on this unit is mainly tufted
<br />hairgrass, slender wheatgrass, redtop. Nebraska sedge,
<br />Baltic rush, cottonwood, bfuejoinf reedgrass, and willows.
<br />Proper grazing use as part of a planned grazing system
<br />helps to maintain the quality and quantity of the
<br />preferred rangeland vegetation. Seeding facilitates the
<br />revegetation of areas depleted by heavy grazing,
<br />cultivation, and other disturbances. Developing livestock
<br />watering facilities and deferring grazing improve the
<br />distribution of grazing and Help to maintain [he condition
<br />of the rangeland.
<br />Wildlife such as mule deer, cottontail, muskrat,
<br />squirrel, and coyote and waterfowl and various other
<br />birds use this unit. They obtain their food and shelter
<br />from irrigated cropland and pasture and from native
<br />rangeland. Areas of rangeland, tall grasses in fence
<br />rows, and odd corners of fields can be managed to
<br />improve or to create wildlife habitat.
<br />The hazards of flooding and wetness because of the
<br />fluctuating water table are the main limitatians for
<br />homesite and urban development. The construction of
<br />sanitary facilities poses a risk of polluting nearby water.
<br />prainage and protection from flooding commonly are
<br />needed before any building construction is started.
<br />This map unit is in capability subclass Illw, irrigated
<br />and nonirrigated.
<br />Soil Survey
<br />67-Uinta loam, 5 to 15 percent scopes. This deep,
<br />well drained soil is on mountainsides and alluvial fans. It
<br />formed in alluvium derived from interbedded red
<br />sandstone and shale. Elevation is 7,800 to 9,600 feet.
<br />The average annual precipitation is 20 to 28 inches. The
<br />average annual air temperature is 35 to 40 degrees F,
<br />and the average frost-free period is 60 to 60 days.
<br />Typically, the surface is covered with a layer of organic
<br />material 4 inches thick. The surface layer is reddish
<br />brown loam about 15 inches thick. The next layer is
<br />reddish brown sandy clay loam about 8 inches thick. The
<br />upper part of the subsoil is reddish brown sandy clay
<br />loam about 9 inches thick, and the lower part is red
<br />sandy clay loam about 23 inches thick. The substratum
<br />is red loam that extends to a depth of 60 inches or
<br />more. In some places the surface layer is fine sandy
<br />foam.
<br />Included in this unit are about 5 percent Valto very
<br />stony fine sandy loam and small areas of Horsethief very
<br />stony fine sandy Loam and l.eadvilie very stony sandy
<br />loam.
<br />Permeability of this Uinta soil is moderate. Effective
<br />rooting depth is 60 inches or more. Available water
<br />capacity is high. Runoff is medium, and the hazard of
<br />erosion is moderate.
<br />This unit is used mainly as woodland and for livestock
<br />grazing. It is also used for wildlife habitat.
<br />This unit is well suited to the production of Engelmann
<br />spruce. On the basis of a site index of 80, the potential
<br />production of marks#abie timber per acre is 5,410 cubic
<br />feet or 31,200 boartl feet (international rule) from an
<br />even-aged, fully stocked stand of trees 100 years old.
<br />Other trees well suited to this unit are white fir, Douglas-
<br />fir, subalpine fir, and aspen.
<br />The main concerns in producing and harvesting timber
<br />are reforestation and providing protection from erosion
<br />along roads and in other areas where vegetation has
<br />been removed. Harvesting may be restricted during
<br />periods when much snow accumulates, during snowmelt,
<br />or during periods of heavy rainfall. Reforestation should
<br />be carefully managed to reduce competition from
<br />undesirable understory plants. Plant competition delays
<br />natural regeneration but does not prevent the eventual
<br />development of a fully stocked normal stand of trees.
<br />Planting nursery stock faeifitetes reforestation.
<br />Among the trees that are suitable for planting are
<br />Douglas-fir, Engelmann spruce, and iodgepole pine.
<br />Proper design of roatl drainage systems and care in the
<br />placement of culverts help to control erosion. Spoil from
<br />excavations is subject to rill and gully erosion and to
<br />sloughing. Roads and landings can be protected from
<br />erosion by constructing diversions and by seeding cuts
<br />and Fills.
<br />The native vegetation on this unit is mainly white fir,
<br />Douglas-fir, and Engelmann spruce. Other important
<br />plants that characterize this unit are aspen, subalpine fir,
<br />Arizona fescue, mountain biome, elk sedge, wild rose,
<br />
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