_REVISION - M1981302 (94) - Laserfiche WebLink

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24 • - Y DRAIN OUTFALLS Drain outfalls should be examined to DETERIORATED Deteriorated or spalled areas must be make sure there are no obstructions AREAS IN FACINGS explored with the rock hammer to in the pipe.The flashlight and probe determine if immediate repairs are are useful here. Flow quantities re- required.Even if the remaining mate- quire accurate measurement. Bucket rial seems sound, concrete must be measurements or a"V"notch weir are -epaired if the reinforcing is exposed. usually used for these measurements, Outflows should be examined for soil particles. DETERIORATION Channel protection displaced by high LEAKAGE AT The entire abutment area downstream IN OUTLET velocity flows can lead to rapid dete- ABUTMENT CONTACT from the dam should be carefully inspected for leakage. Special atten- OR SPILLWAY rioration in the unprotected area. Lion must given the contact CHANNELS Extent of unprotected area and rate AB TM ' + of deterioration should be deter- between the manmade embankment I y + + } mined.The probe and flaggingstakes 41 and the natural terrain. Leakage at Wt an be useful here. ythe contact can cause erosion of embankment material. 14 RIP 4.5-6 SLOPE PROTECTION DISPLACED Riprap is designed to protect the ear- 4.5-7 CONCRETE STRUCTURES RIPRAP then embankment material against DETERIORATION All deteriorated areas must be care- wave action.When deteriorated areas fully examined and checked with a are discovered, the extent and threat rock hammer. The objective is to' to the embankment materials need to determine if the deterioration affects be determined. Photos should be the function of the structure. Loco-1 taken. tion and extent of deteriorations UNPROTECTED EMBANKMENT should be noted and photos taken. RIPRAP When the rock used for riprap is DISPLACEMENT Displacements can be found by sight- BREAKDOWN breaking down, the extent of the ing. All apparent displacements+ damage must be assessed to deter- should be recorded to allow a wor mine if the embankment is threa- �,�: seningcondition to beverifled during .y toned.The rock hammer can be used :. i future inspections. Cracks must be to see how sound and durable the explored to see if reinforcing is ex; rock seems to be. posed, since rapid deterioration o r reinforcing can lead to failure of the structure. Photos should be taken. HOLES OR CRACKS Holes or cracks in the upstream fac- 4.5-8 STEEL — METAL IN UPSTREAM ing can allow underlying embank- CRACKS, Location and extent of cracks,hola,7 FACING VOID ment material to be pumped out by HOLES or deteriorated areas must be recor• wave action. The entire facing must DETERIORATED ded. These areas may require scrap beexamined for small openings,especi- AREAS ing clean to allow an assessment ally along construction joints. the extent of the deterioration. Pha tos should be taken. UNSEEN VOIDS Voids under upstream facings can UNDER UPSTREAM allow the facing over the void to col- FACING lapse,jeopardizing the safety of the j _� dam. To check for these undetected 4.6 INSPECTION PROCEDURE "BONK" To obtain the best results and allow for consiste PINK" voids, the banker is used. Bookie- �,� sounding areas should be flagged for recording of inspection findings,it is best o follow � further investigation. specific sequence when making the inspection. Befo W. discussing the sequence a few ideas on technique be discussed.