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ASTM D 2167 Test Method for Density and Unit Weight of Soil In-Place by the Rubber Balloon <br />Method. <br />ASTM D 2216 Laboratory Determination of Water (Moisture) Content of Soil, Rock and Soil <br />Aggregate Mixtures. <br />ASTM D 2487 Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes. <br />ASTM D 2922 Standard Method of Test for Density of Soil and Soil-Aggregate in Place by Nuclear <br />Density Methods (Shallow Depth). <br />ASTM D 3017 Standard Method of Test for Moisture Content of Soil and Soil-Aggregate in Place by <br />Nuclear Density Methods (Shallow Depth). <br />ASTM D 4318 Test Method for Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, and Plasticity Index of Soils. <br />ASTM D 4253 Test Methods for Maximum Index Density of Soils Using a Vibratory Table. <br />ASTM D 4254 Test Methods for Minimum Index Density of Soils and Calculation of Relative <br />Density. <br />ASTM D6637-01 -Standard Test Method for Determining Tensile Properties of Geogrids by the <br />Single or Multi-rib Tensile Method <br />ASTM D1388-96 -Standard Test Method for Stiffness of Fabrics, Option A <br />GEOSYNTHETIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE (GRI) <br />GG2-87 -Standard Test Method for Geogrid Junction Strength <br />4. LINES AND GRADES <br />4.1. The Owner shall provide access and coordinate information for the benchmarks of the established coordinate <br />grid as reference points, which in his judgment are necessary to enable the Contractor to proceed with the work. <br />4.2. Contractor shall be responsible for laying out the work and for slope grade control. <br />4.3. The Engineer reserves the right to verify correctness of the layout of the work and slope grades during the <br />progress of the work. <br />4.4. The Contractor will preserve and maintain all benchmarks and reference points established by the Engineer or <br />Owner, and shall not make changes or relocations without the prior written approval of the Engineer or Owner. <br />Where bench marks and references will unavoidably be destroyed by the construction, Contractor shall establish <br />temporary or secondary reference points outside of the construction area before the bench marks are demolished, <br />and shall protect and maintain such temporary points during construction. <br />5. MATERIALS <br />5.1. COMMON FILL AND GENERAL FILL <br />5.1.1. Common fill and general fill shall consist of well-graded silty sands and gravels obtained from <br />designated borrow areas within and adjacent to the Work site, or from the excavations. Common fill <br />shall be generally free of topsoil, organics and other deleterious material, however minor amounts will be <br />permitted. The maximum size of cobbles and rocks permitted in common fill shall be 6 inches. <br />5.1.2. Common and general fill used for backfilling trenches and excavations shall generally be the native <br />soil excavated from the trench unless such soil contains an inordinate amount of organics and <br />deleterious material, or the moisture content is significantly higher than optimum. In such cases, <br />Engineer may require that common fill be hauled from a designated borrow area. <br />5.2. BULK FILL, INCLUDING TOPSOIL <br />5.2.1. Bulk fill that is stockpiled for future reclamation shall be designated by location by the Engineer based <br />on its characteristics for reuse as topsoil. <br />5.2.2. Bulk fill will generally be located in the soil piles and topsoil bench areas shown on the drawings. <br />5.3. SELECT FILL FOR CULVERT BEDDING AND BACKFILL <br />SPECIFICATION A EARTHWORK <br />PAGE 2 <br />