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.-,:: - ~Irt~ ~../+~rYY.~ ...,. ~.. rtE Mr• w ~ Imo. LL IYM~ • IM `'~ A~~ ~_ a1 N.I w. Rfl. 2-7}1¢krr3a of na6cdnn~b^anrp~mt^Mi, (3rucn Riwr brtnation, ronhem P~ce•rce Creek B~.in, Cato IIILC _I•_ r..-~~~ rt~- s .~,..~...~- l : ~ M,~~f.~.... 4 """' I ~ ~ I Lw e \ YM ~ _ ~'~.- , \ \ .-~ _, `- \ ~ i I 0 n I I . ( e/ a I I -t. -41~rLe•~I .- ~ ---- •r/JU'{I viii ~ l Ire 11I• i IP• tY• ^w• IM. Flt;. ~-W OipN pycenl of nahcntlte In kaennk anpwn to Fq. 2 ouT[t I^r3rVtt r[SSR 1AM[lt ta4TA14(1 rY CU1 c(Y[4} _~ al Srwt[ uoc3 TC IN ourrur 1All wDiu[ot ~S1fAr uM[IArpt *+a. •-Sdrrrvtic r*Rrrunurim d exR•r+Tlarrt^t a(grms wd'v, ap+itrw ,rude,. 1~ 10 bc) G011netled.~C sa mr Itmc, dx ruhcohte [inner( be lathed unless it is a er a condauous p6uc nr un be wont y aeatme sacks ,n the otl shalt. Sinct the tsahmlite in the target arcs in present in a Baia of inter vals of varying concentnlioD, including aomc short is tmals with apperrnrly no nahcolitt, IeadtinA ,loot gn• trot product a connected mrc octwork ova the satire o -t e w utna below the Calitt bc1s. Rubblin; •Ihrce mcdtanisrtts are ma' to prurrvtc wmmuniudon b[twec ruhwlite nodule so that they tan be (ached to 4stahllsh an extensive oil-shale iaterval of hiEF. pcrmu- biliry: ,teas release at opts faces, thrrma!Iy induced to-asa, and the:-ntally induced prnsratf. Solution mining of tht nahcolite-rich beds presrnt in the sarget region providu an undercut space into which the overlying oil shale een fa!I. Thr. nahcolite beds arc u much as 95-wetght•pertem Soluble, with the remaining 5 weight Accent showinL a, paniculat: nano in the (each fluid. In beds of lower aahcolit: con:trt, a merhanirally weak honeycomb may brlcfi ^ftc: ludtiny. but this is not aufficirntly strong to support the overlying oil-shale ,oaf whrn [hc leached interval coven a sijnificent arwl extent. Gspcclally whrn dlac intcvals are husd. The (ached nahwlitc beds also will prnsidc the initial pore volum: to promote roof collapse for come distance about it, with the distance being contrullcl by th[ efftetive porosity of the rubbleA oil shale column. Nahcoli[e in- IeryFrrsed mthe overlying oil shale column and in the rubblcd pia-es is IcachcA ^s (rah surfatrs arc cxpostd by the iprlliny of the roof about Lt1t lathed ,ntC. val. Like all nuttrials, oil shat: ands to expand when heated. Thc them. al expansion u><ffiaan o(oil shalt is large br~use of is keroger, content sad is anisotropic because Of iu depositional narurc. U n hutiap. to-tascs as art palling of roof aTattrlal u ushanrcG as [hc Cmpm- ture increases, u indicated by labonrory expeiments The expcimcnts d'ueusscd txlow arc un3talcC widt re- gard to reuses at the boundanes. They 4•crc pr_pared by ccmtne;ng syu^re•cur blocky of oll shale 0.5 w 2.0 cu/ft in volume and tealinQ [hem in mdal wntaincs loving about a 355-in. apace betwec the lowaand only ezposed fatt 0! Lhc block and the bonnni of the coataitxr. Thr eonuiner was then placed in a press::.-c vtsae! ro allow control bf the pressure d'dfrrt-nee .cross the container walls. Aspring-IaadeA plate posinnnx' Inside the ear>- uir3er below the oil shalt mooimred fpa!ling u hen fluids were tirculattd ro contact the opuses( oil shale. Fig. 4 is a schematic rtprarnatiort a! d+c oquipment. In one experime:tt, a aqua-e~n,t o~l~shalc beak wrigh- ine ^bou' 20016 and usnying 77 gaNron was cvnorcted with hot watu at 300'F. Failurt of tot (aL Indro:or N [he first day nexssiutrd q,rning the wnt:i.~, wifclt pro- vided a:. opporiunrty to eaaninc the o~! shalt. Cracks is wide as 0.5 in. had developer' in the al-rhale block near tht exposes nrri.a, bin m pieces Rad falls from the bhx•k. Fi•; hours aftc ruun~tion o! water mpctian a[ 1Wa4AL OF IfTROIF.I:M-[F~~QI.O(iY .,~j. 1 µ -. ~~.. V ~1~ . ~} ~~~ f~'`~~ ~~