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Table 2. 2004 Mine Bench Outslope Seed Mixture <br />Species Scientific Name Variety #PLS/ Acre <br />Kentuck Bluegrass Poa ratensis Banff 1.25 <br /> <br />Slender Wheat rass Elymus <br />trachycaulus <br />San Luis <br />4.00 <br />Mountain Brome Bromus mazginatus Bromaz 4.50 <br />Sheep Fescue Festuca ovina Covaz 3.00 <br />Hazd Fescue Festuca ovina Duraz 3.15 <br />Red Fescue Festuca rubra Pennlawn 2.50 <br />Timoth Phleum ratense Climax 1.25 <br />Tufted <br />Hairgrass Deschampsia <br />caes itosa <br />Peru Creek <br />0.75 <br />Sterile Triticale <br />Hybrid <br />N/A <br />------- <br />8.00 <br />Orchardgrass Dactylis glomerata Lataz 1.00 <br />White Dutch Clover Trifolium re ens Ladino 0.50 <br />Cicer Milkvetch Astra alus cicer Monarch 1.50 <br />Blue Flax Linum lewsii A ar 1.00 <br />Yarrow Achillea millifolium VNS 0.10 <br />Woods Rose Rosa woodsii VNS 0.50 <br />TOTAL <br />33# / Ac. PLS <br />The most economic way to deliver the specified volumes of seed, fertilizer, mulch and <br />tackifier to the outslopes was to use a helicopter. A slow release fertilizer, Biosol Mix (7- <br />2-3) was delivered to the outslopes at a rate of 1,200 pounds per acre by helicopter. The <br />seed, mulch and fertilizer were usually seeded from the air. However, extremely windy <br />conditions periodically occurred during the project, negatively impacting seed delivery to <br />some areas. To compensate for this, the outslopes at Mines 3 and 5 were hand seeded. <br />Following seed and fertilizer application, the straw mulch and liquid tackifier were flown <br />onto the slopes. Slender wheatgrass was selected as the mulch for the project. Slender <br />wheatgrass was selected because it has been observed to establish well on the outslopes <br />in the past. Therefore, it made economic and environmental sense to use awed-bearing <br />mulch of a species known to have value in Coal Basin. The mulch was applied to the <br />outslopes at the rate of two tons per acre using the helicopter. Following mulch <br />application, an organic liquid tackifier was applied from the air. The purpose of the <br />tackifier was to anchor the mulch to the ground surface in an effort to resist removal or <br />redistribution due to the high winds common to Coal Basin in the fall of the yeaz. <br />The final step in the construction process was to take steps to disrupt to the extent <br />possible the concentrated flow of water draining from the overlying mine benches onto <br />the outslopes. Two steps were taken to accomplish this; planting of trees and placement <br />of straw wattles. <br />11 <br />