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50 SOIL SURVEY sugar beets, small grain, or beans. Few conservation prac- The potential native vegetation is dominated by blue tices are needed to maintain top yields. grama. Several mid grasses, such as western wheatgrass All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow ir- and need leandthread, are also present. Potential produc- rigation is the most common. Barnyard manure and com- tion ranges from 1,600 pounds per acre in favorable years mercial fertilizer are needed for top yields. to 1,000 pounds in unfavorable years. As range condition Windbreaks and environmental plantings generally are deteriorates, the mid grasses decrease; blue grama, buf- well suited to this soil. Summer fallow a year before falograss, snakeweed, yucca, and fringed sage increase; planting and continued cultivation for weed control are and forage production drops. Undesirable weeds and an- needed to insure establishment and survival of plantings. nuals invade the site as range condition becomes poorer. Trees that are best suited and have good survival are Management of vegetation on this soil should be based Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern redcedar, ponderosa on taking half and leaving half of the total annual produc- pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and hackberry. The tion. Seeding is desirable if the range is in poor condition. shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, Siberian Sideoats grama, little bluestem, western wheatgrass, blue peashrub, and American plum. grama, pubescent wheatgrass, and crested wheatgrass are Openland wildlife, such as pheasant, mourning dove, suitable for seeding. The grass selected should meet the and cottontail, are best suited to this soil. Wildlife habitat seasonal requirements of livestock. It can be seeded into development, including tree and shrub plantings and a clean, firm sorghum stubble, or it can be drilled into a grass plantings to serve as nesting areas, should be suc- firm prepared seedbed. Seeding early in spring has eessful without irrigation in most years. Under irrigation, proven most successful. good wildlife habitat can be established, benefiting many Windbreaks and environmental plantings are generally kinds of openland wildlife. well suited to this soil. Summer fallow a year before This soil has good potential for urban and recreational planting and continued cultivation for weed control are development. The chief limiting soil features for urban needed to insure establishment and survival of plantings. development are the shrink-swell potential of the subsoil Trees that are best suited and have good survival are as it wets and dries and the limited capacity of the soil to Rocky Mountain juniper, eastern redcedar, ponderosa i support a load. Lawns, shrubs, and trees grow well. Capa- pine, Siberian elm, Russian-olive, and hackberry. The bility class I irrigated. shrubs best suited are skunkbush sumac, lilac, Siberian 79—Weld loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes. This is a deep, peashrub, and American plum. well drained soil on smooth plains at elevations of 4,850 to Openland wildlife. such as pheasant, mourning dove, 5,000 feet. It formed in eolian deposits. Included in and cottontail, are best suited to this soil. Wildlife habitat mapping are small areas of soils that have a subsoil of development. including tree and shrub plantings and loam and fight clay loam. Also included are some leveled STass plantings to serve as nesting areas, should be suc- areas. cessful without irrigation during most years. Under ir- Typically the surface layer of this Weld soil is brown rigation, good wildlife habitat can be established, benefit- loam about 8 inches thick. The subsoil is brown and pale ing many kinds of openland wildlife. brown heavy clay loam and light clay about 20 inches This soil has good potential for urban and recreational thick. The substratum to a depth of 60 inches is silt loam. development. The chief limiting soil features for urban Permeability is slow. Available water capacity is high. development are the shrink-swell potential of the subsoil The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or more. Surface as it wets and dries and the limited capacity of the soil to runoff is slow, and the erosion hazard is low. support a load. Lawns, shrubs, and trees grow well. Capa- In irrigated areas this soil is suited to all crops com- bility subclass IIe irrigated, Ille nonirrigated; Loamy monly grown in the area, including corn, sugar beets (fig. Plains range site. 8), beans, alfalfa, small grain, and onions. An example of a SO—Weld loam, 3 to 5 percent slopes. This is a deep, suitable cropping system is 3 to 4 years of alfalfa fol- well drained soil on plains at elevations of 4,850 to 5,000 lowed by corn, corn for silage, sugar beets, small grain, or feet. It formed in eolian deposits. Included in mapping are beans. Land leveling, ditch lining, and installing pipelines small areas of soils that have a subsoil of loam and light are needed for proper water applications. clay loam. All methods of irrigation are suitable, but furrow ir- Typically the surface layer is brown loam about 8 rigation is the most common. Barnyard manure and com- inches thick. The subsoil is brown and pale brown heavy mercial fertilizer are needed for top yields. clay loam and light clay about 18 inches thick. The sub- This soil is well suited to winter wheat, barley, and stratum to a depth of 60 inches is silt loam. sorghum if it is summer £allowed in alternate years. Permeability is slow. Available water capacity is high. Winter wheat is the principal crop. The predicted average The effective rooting depth is 60 inches or more. Surface yield is 33 bushels per acre. If the crop is winterkilled, runoff is medium, and the erosion hazard is moderate. spring wheat can be seeded. Generally precipitation is too In irrigated areas this soil is suited to most of the crops low for beneficial use of fertilizer. commonly grown in the area, such as corn, alfalfa, wheat, Stubble mulch farming, striperopping, and minimum til- and barley. Sugar beets are often grown. The soil is lage are needed to control soil blowing and water erosion. suited to irrigated pasture. Ditch lining and installing Terracing also may be needed to control water erosion. pipelines are needed for proper water application.