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8D - Handran gravelly loam-3 to 15 percent slopes. This is a deep, well dram~d, gently sloping to strongly sloping
<br />soil on alluvial fans. It formed in alluvial deposits derived from a variety of rocks. The average annual precipitation
<br />is about I S inches, the average annual au temperature is about 37 degrees F, and the frost-free season is 30 to 75 days.
<br />Elevation is 7,500 to 9,000 feet.
<br />Small areas of Quander soil are included in mapping. Typically, the surface layer is brown gravelly loam about
<br />6 inches thick. The next layer is brown gravelly sandy loam about 9 inches thick. The underlying material is brown
<br />very cobbly sandy loam to a depth of 60 inches or more.
<br />Permeability is rapid and the available water capacity is medium. Surface runoff is slow. The hazards of wind
<br />erosion is slight, and the hazard of water erosion is moderate.
<br />Most of the acreage is rangeland that is also used for recreation and wildlife. A cold climate and a short
<br />growing season limit the production and preclude use of this soil as cropland.
<br />Management of this soil for range requires a deferred grazing system and limited brush control. Grasses
<br />recommended for seeding include western wheatgrass, slender wheatgrass, mountain brome, Arizona fescue, big
<br />bluegrass, and bluebunch wheatgrass. The dominant native vegetation consists of wheatgrass, fescue, serviceberry,
<br />antelope bitterbrush, and big sagebrush. The total annual production averages about 1,300 pounds of air-dry forage per
<br />acre.
<br />Excessive slope, sma{I and large stones, and rapid permeability are the most limiting soil properties to be
<br />considered in the design of access roads, septic systems, and recreation homesite subdivisions. Slope stabilization is
<br />difficult even where homes are consructed on nearly level pads. Seeding of vegetation minimizes the erosion hazard,
<br />but establishing a stand is difficult. Stones in the soil profile interfere with excavations and cuts and tills. Homes
<br />should be designed to utilize existing slope and keep foundation cuts to a minimum. Roads should be designed to keep
<br />cut and fill slopes to a minimum. Careful design of leach fields can eliminate the hazard of ground water pollution.
<br />All weather asphalt surfaces are impractical unless provisions are made to offset frost action.
<br />Rangeland wildlife includes mule deer, sage grouse, white-tailed jackrabbit, coyote, mourning dove, ground
<br />squirrels, and yellow-bellied marmot. Capability subclass Vlls.
<br />14F - Muggins sandy loam, 15 to 35 percent slopes. This is a deep, well drained, moderately steep and steep soil
<br />on mountainsides and ridges. It fanned in glacial drift derived from various sources. The average annual precipitation
<br />is about l8 inches, the average annual air temperature is about 34 degrees F, and the frost-free season is 30 to 50 days.
<br />Elevation is 7,600 to 10,000 feet.
<br />Small areas of Frisco, Peeler, and Anvik soils are included in mapping. A few small areas of Rock outcrop
<br />are also included.
<br />Typically, the surface is covered with a duff layer of needles and twigs about 3 inches thick. Below that is a
<br />leached layer of pinkish gray sandy loam, about 12 inches thick. Next is a layer of pinkish gray light sandy clay loam
<br />about 6 inches thick. The subsoil is reddish brown sandy clay about 32 inches thick. The substratum is light reddish
<br />brown sandy clay loam to a depth of 60 inches or more.
<br />Permeability is slow, and the available water capacity is high. Surface runoff is medium. The hazard of wind
<br />erosion is slight, and the hazard of water erosion is high.
<br />Most of the acreage is woodland that is used for recreation, wildlife, and timber production. A cold climate
<br />and a short growing season limit the production of introduced grasses and wood crops.
<br />The dominant native vegetation consists of lodgepole pine, quaking aspen, scattered Engelmann spruce and
<br />subalpine fir, and a sparse understory of grasses, shrubs, and fortis.
<br />This Muggins soil is suited to the production of lodgepole pine. It can produce 10,200 board feet of
<br />merchantable timber from a fully stocked, even-aged stand of 80-year-old trees.
<br />Thinning operations produce poles for fences, corrals, and power lines. Slope limits the type of equipment that
<br />can be used during timber harvest and makes reforestation difficult. Extreme care should be taken to prevent erosion
<br />of skid trails and access roads.
<br />Slope and excessive shrinking and swelling upon wetting and drying are the most limiting soil properties to
<br />be considered in the design of recreation and homesite developments. Snow removal becomes an increasingly greater
<br />problem as more homes are built. Slope saibilvation is difficult even where homes are constructed on nearly level pads.
<br />Surface runoff resulting from snowmelt increases the erosion hazard on cut and fill slopes. Seeding of vegetation
<br />minimizes the erosion hazard, but establishing a stand is difficult. Homes should be designed to utilize existing slope
<br />and keep foundation ruts to a minimum. Roads should be designed to keep cuts and fills to a minimum and provide
<br />drainage outlets for excessive snowmelt. All-weather asphalt roads and normal foundations are impractical unless
<br />provisions aze made to offset the shrink-swell and frost action.
<br />Woodland wildlife includes mule deer, elk, blue grouse, snowshoe haze, yellow-belied marmot and chipmunks.
<br />The natural migration of deer and elk herds has been disturbed in many areas now used for recreation homesite
<br />subdivisions. Capability subclazs Vlle.
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