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...r - <br /> <br />. <br />•, <br />^r0 pRl4Npt OppNTT.Agy~ <br />. <br />OO~aoj, . <br />sipniftcant in enpineninp-Continued ~ !~`E~;:r. <br />I~ <br /> <-- ~, <br />Percentage lea+ than 3 inches <br />ve- <br />i <br />i ~ ., ... ... <br />RYt of eeijp~4pe to--%~ <br />.:C,y.; <br />pass <br />ng s <br />e Liquid Plastic Perms- Available Reaction Salin- Shrink- d~~ <br />_ limit index ability water 1:5 ity .well Ioale <br />No.4 No. 10 No. 40 No. 200 cayacity dilution yotentiel Untreated Concrete <br />aruuy <br />(4.T (1.3 (0.42 (0.074 steel <br />Vlpe <br />mml mm) mm) mm) <br /> .v w,l~>/ <br /> r'H !w/Ar /w/iw o/wa Pll nl <br /> r'C <br />75-85 60-75 50-70 40-60 30-40 10-'20 0.6-2.0 0.11-O.I3 6.6-1.3 0-'2 Lnw..__.. Moderate. Luw.___.. U. <br />90-100 Si-100 70-95 50-T5 30-40 10-20 0.6-2.0 0.16-0.18 6.6-7.3 0-2 Moderate high... Iw,w.... C. 'y <br />80-95 T5-90 70-90 45-TO 30-30 10-YO 0.6-2.0 0.19-0.'_1 6.6-7.3 0-'L Moderate. ?~ <br />75-90 70-85 60-80 40-65 30-40 5-15 0.6-2.0 0.14-0.16 6.6-T.3 0-'l Moderate. i; <br /> is <br /> <br />40-70 <br />30-60 <br />10-30 <br />0-5 <br />_ _... _ . <br />NP <br />>?0.0 <br />0.03-0.05 <br />6.6-7.3 <br />0-2 <br />Low. :. <br />. t <br />80-90 75-85 65-80 50-65 20-35 0-10 0.6-2.0 0.11-0.13 7.9-8.4 0-2 Low_._. _. Low____._ Low.-.___ p. %4 <br /> .8 <br /> <br />100 I00 85-95 55-80 30-30 10-20 0.2-2.0 0.12-0.16 7.9-9.0 2-8 Moderate_ High...._ Moderate. C. <br />80-100 70-90 35-65 5-10 ._ NP >20.0 O.Oa-0.06 7.3-S.a 0-4 Low. <br /> -f <br />a <br />75-90 65-T5 35-50 20-30 ... NP 2.0-6.0 0.07-0.09 7.3-8.3 0 ? Low ..._. Luw ..... Lnw ..... p. <br />30-80 25-T5 15-50 0-5 .. _ NP >?0.0 0.03-0 Or 7 3-8.3 0-'? Lnw. ~ .~ <br /> <br />100 <br />100 <br />85-95 <br />60-75 <br />30-a0 <br />r?0 <br />0.6-'2.0 <br />O.lfi-0.?1 <br />7.3-7.8 <br />0-a <br />Moderate. i <br />High... <br />Moderate_ <br />C. , <br />! <br />95-100 85-95 30-65 5-IS _______ NP 6.0-'20.0 0.03-0.08 7.3-7.8 0-3 Low. <br /> I <br />100 1110 80-90 35-50 30-40 ]0-20 0.6-?.0 0.14-0.16 7.3-7.8 0-3 Moderate. Moderate. Low...... Q. 1 <br />100 100 80-95 60-80 30-40 15-?5 0.'?-0.6 0.17-0.1'J 7.3-8.3 0-3 Moderate. <br />75-90 60-85 35-60 20-35 _ _ .. _ . N P '2.0-6.0 0.07-0.09 7.9-8. i 0-1 Low. <br />100 100 80-90 35-50 a0-30 I 10-70 <br />~ Il li-?.0 ' <br />~ 0.11-0 I:1 i - '1.9,0 1-16 Mudrrale high. .I L~,.~ ... .I C, .e <br />100 100 80-95 60-tl0 SO-70 ~ <br />L~ I:i-!:+ U.'_'-0.6 U. L" 0 I6 7 'J-9.0 3-I6 \I oderltc.' <br /> <br />75-90 <br />60-80 <br />:55-60 <br />20-3.i <br />_.. <br />NI' <br />2.0-6.U <br />U.OT-0.09 <br />;.U-6.3 <br />0-3 ~ <br />Low. <br /> <br />~ i <br />' <br />I <br />100 <br />8.5-100 <br />70-90 <br />45-65 <br />30-30 <br />10-^_0 <br />0.6-2.0 <br />0.13-0.iF ~ <br />7.9-8.1 <br />I I <br />0-3 <br />Low...... ' <br />Mndcratc_I <br />Low.._.__ <br />R. <br />'J:r 100 75-90 30-65 0-30 - _ - _ _ _ _ N P 6.0-20.0 0.01-0.06 7.9-8.3 O-3 I Low. <br /> <br /> <br />8 <br />6 <br />a <br />30-40 <br />IO <br />0 Low-'---. High----- Low----.. C. <br />~ <br />95-100 5-90 40- 0-10 ----- NP 6.0-?0 0 0.03-0.06 7.9-8.~ 0-3 Low. ' <br />_, <br />In the l)nilied system soils are classified according to <br />particle-size distribution, plasticity, liquid limit, :uxl <br />org:uiic matter- Soils :u'e Rrouped in lfi classes. There <br />•u'e eight classes of coarse-grained soils, identified ns <br />GW, GP, CM, GC, SW, SP, SM, and SC; six classes of <br />fine-grained soils, identified as ML, CL, OL, AI H, CH, <br />and OH; :md one class of highly organic soil, identified <br />is Pt. Soils on the bm•derline between ta•o classes are <br />designated by symbols for both classes; Cor example, <br />C L-M L. <br />The AASIITO system is used to classify soils accord- <br />ing to those pro)lerties that affect use in highway <br />construction and maintenance. In this system, a soil is <br />classified in one of set'cn basic 1•roups ran>;in11 from <br />Al- lhrou>'h A-t on the basis of grain-size distribu- <br />tion, liquid limit, :uul plnstit•ity index. In firoup A-1 <br />are fil'acellc soik tl~hich base high bevin); strength <br />:old :u'e the hest soils for subgl:lde m' foundation. At <br />the other extreme, in group A-7, are clay soils, which <br />have loty sG'en);th trhen u•et and that are the pom'est <br />SOIIS (nr suhyrr;tde. \Vhere laboratory data arc:n'ailable <br />to iustifv a further breakdotrn. the A-I, A-", :uul A-7 <br />grnuh• ore dieided as fnlloa•s: A-1-a, A-1-h. A-°_JI, <br />A-2-~i, A-°_-f, A-°_-7, A-7-L, and A-7-f. As additional <br />refinement, the engineering value of a soil material can <br />be indit•ated by a group index number. Group indexes <br />