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Pick and shovel mining methods, including the use of explosives and simple mining <br />• machinery, was predominately used in the abandoned mines within the permit area shown <br />on Map No. 6. These mines utilized the room and pillar method of mining to develop <br />entries and then extract the pillars. <br />Two mines not included on Table 1 are the small underground mine operated by the Iuppa <br />family and the Helen Mine, which operated as a surface mine. Iuppa's mine, operating <br />from the late 1940's through 1955, lies in the narrow block of coal between the Raton <br />Creek No. 1 and Starkville Mine. Its portals were located just above those of the Raton <br />Creek No. 1 Mine. Operations at the Helen Mine by the Animas Coal Company, Inc. <br />began on or about 1978 under reclamation permit #78-216/UG/C. This mine operated <br />intermittently through the time that Sundance Coal Company acquired the property and <br />submitted a permit application in 1982. The Helen Mine was worked with small trucks <br />and loaders to excavate overburden and load coal. No record of coal production is <br />available. The operation created the highwall adjacent to the Raton Creek No. 2 Mine. <br /> <br /> <br />33a Revised: 2/27/98 <br />T4iaer~RoYisioo-pti' <br />~N-a3 ~-8-98 <br />