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<br />EXHIBIT I - 1 BENT COCNTY, COLORADO
<br />hn shallow Te:•tvessi]]a soils, whm•o the Baca soil border'
<br />I is sandstone Urea ks.
<br />'T'his soil takes in a•atrr modetalcly well and has a high
<br />ulr.r•-LnlAing ca pncily. ]tunnlT is moderate. The erosion
<br />\II rrf Ihr. act•rngo is alert ns range. Rotating and dofet•-
<br />in~ grnzin~• a.n(1 Ill'U 4'llhllg for good distl•ibution of ]ive-
<br />~u~lc by proper placement of 4ratC1' alld salt are good
<br />~~:u•l ices in r:utge nl;nlagemrnt. (Capabilityy unit VIe-1,
<br />nlit•rigated; Loanr{ I'tants range site)
<br />l;ull::n•d Series
<br />Tho Ranl:ard series consists of nearly level, calcareous,
<br />~ninl•y sandy soils that formed in stratified, limy, sandy
<br />Ilnrinut. '191rsn soils are adjacent to the main channel of
<br />In a typical profile the surface laym• is d •ayish-brown
<br />al m n hunt ~l inrhrs I h ick. '1'hn nnxt lnymr is gn1•yish-brown,
<br />niy fine spud about g inches t.hiclc. In spots it is mottled
<br />thn lower part because of a (Inctuating water table. Tho
<br />ulm•lving mntet•ial Is Aalldy aUU4'lllnl that is dominantly
<br />a.vislt hrmcn. Clra~ rl is nt. a rlept•h of about 37 inrhrs.
<br />Itanlc:n•d soils nrn escrssivcly drained. Internal drainage
<br />, rty rapid, :uxi tl e 4rntrr-bolding capacity is low. Run-
<br />I' is cel;t- slmv. The w•alcr table is hig11 whrn trite water' is
<br />_Il in the river, curl floorlin_ is a hazard. ]1'atural fer-
<br />I if.v is low. 't'he erasion hnza.rd is mo(lernte.
<br />lir`nmur these soils am sandy and subject to frrgnrnt
<br />•~uligyr, they arc not, snit.ab]o for cultivation. They are
<br />rd as pasture, and I hey snphly ;;nod grazing t.hronghottt
<br />~•. vrar. ('oltonwon(ls and tvnat•isl: protect cattle during
<br />'rinds of hurl vrcnthrr.
<br />•Il•pir:tl profilr, of a Pnnl:ard loam (1,300 feet north and
<br />n frrt. wrst of Sl?. corner SIVI/t sec. 5, 'P. ?0 S., P.. 52
<br />):
<br />AI-0 to d incbrs, grayish-brown (IOYR 6/2) loam, dark
<br />gravish broom (lOYR d/^_) when moist; structure
<br />bras ks from nroak. medium, Platy to weak, fine.
<br />Granular; hard n•hrn (1rS, friable when moist;
<br />vl rnnGly udra rrous; clear, smont.h boundary.
<br />AC--1 l0 12 inches, grayish-brown (lOYR 5/2) fine sand, dark
<br />gravish Dron•n (lOYR 9/2) when moist; single grain;
<br />slightly firm whrn drF. loose when moist; strongly
<br />rnlra rams; char, smooW boundary.
<br />ra-I^_ In :;7 incbrs, Ionmy fine scud; color dominated by
<br />rulers of individual grains, generally grayish brown
<br />(lOYR .'~/?) when moist; single grain ; loose when dry
<br />and moist; strata of loamy sand and sand range in
<br />tldrl: Hess from n fraction of nn inch to several inches.
<br />1 IC.-37 to GO inches, river gravel.
<br />'1•hr.:V horimu raugrs from 2 to S inches In thickness and
<br />from ]ova to lomgc smut in tezture. The Cl horizon ranges
<br />frmn .0 to f,0 incbrs in thickness. It is light grayish brown or
<br />Grayish brown iu rotor and in places is mottled la WC lower
<br />part. IL Is limy in rcry strongly limy.
<br />Ilanknrd soils nrr more sa ndy than Glenberg soils. They are
<br />also more sandy than Las Animas lolls, and they lack salts
<br />and thr attar eviprncrs of poor drainage that are tyVical oP
<br />those soils.
<br />I3ankard soils (0 lu 1 prrcent slopes) 1Bdl.-These soils
<br />nr as irregtdarly shaped areas, 10 to 100 acres in size,
<br />rho nuns plant adjacent t.o rho maid channel of the
<br />~~I:ansas Rivr.r. Th,a surface layer is loam to loamy sand
<br />r. R incbrs f.hiclr. Thr. next layer is loamy sand to sand
<br />",tt 1.', incbrs t.hicl:. 'Phis mnterlal is bight'}' stratified. In
<br />errs ri4'rt• gravel occurs at a depth of only about 20
<br />hrs. Included in mapping were spots of Glenbm•g sandy
<br />II
<br />loam, which occur' on the slightly raised parts of the land-
<br />scape, generally farther away from the Aver channel than
<br />rho Bnnl:ard sods arc; and areas of Las Animas soils, 1
<br />or ° acres in size, which occur as slight depressions.
<br />'These soils arc trot suited to cultivated crops because I hey
<br />aro sandy and subject to Flooding. Thoy take in water
<br />1:•tpirlly but have a low water-holding capacity. 'fhcy aro
<br />subject to deposition of sand and silt during Floods, and
<br />to haul: cutting (luring Roods and during periods when the
<br />channel changes location. Runoff is very slow. The erosial
<br />hazard is moderate.
<br />All of Llrasc soils arc used as pasture. Thoy supply sub-
<br />stautial amounts of usable forage during periods of ]ow
<br />water. (Capability unit IVs-2, irrigated; capability unit
<br />VIw-2, mm~rrtgated; Sandy Bottom Land range site)
<br />Cascajo Series
<br />Tho Cascajo series consists of strongly sloping to very
<br />strongly sloping soils that aro shallow over limy, very
<br />sandy and gl:•tvelly outwash. These soils are mainly in the
<br />north-central part of rho county, just north of rho Jolm
<br />\larti I l IZ0.5C l' V I I I f.
<br />In •4 typ;~:tl pl•ofile the surface layer is pale-brown
<br />gravelly loam about 5 inches thick. Tho next layer is light
<br />brownish-gray gravelly loam that grades to gravel and
<br />saucl at a depth of about 10 inches. The gravel suet sand
<br />arc very limy. Generally the underside of the gravel (fig.
<br />5) is lime coated.
<br />'these soils ale too gravcily and too shallow to be suited
<br />to cultivated crops. Tlley are naturally well drained. Tlley
<br />have spill intefnal drnmage, rapid permeabilitq, and u
<br />lo4v w:rtrr-hnldingrapncity. Natural fertalit;y is lute. Thetc
<br />is no significant Lazard of soil blowing or of water erosion,
<br />because of the very gravelly surface layer.
<br />The entire acreage is used as range.
<br />'t'ypical profits of a Cascajo gravelly loam (GO feet south
<br />and l.b Holes east of road junction, sec. 1, '1'. 2a S., R.
<br />50 1V.)
<br />Ai-0 to u' iaclles, pale-bre4vn (lOYR 6/3) gravelly loam, dark
<br />grayish brown (lOYR 4/2) when moist; massive;
<br />loose when dry, very friable when moist; noncnlcare-
<br />ous; clear, smooth boundary; much Gne grnrel.
<br />AC,i to 10 inches, light brownish-gray (lOYR G/2) gravelly
<br />loony trrown (lOYR A/3) when moist; massive; soft
<br />4v1(en (try, very friable when moist; very strongly cal-
<br />rnreous; clear, smooth boundary; many roots; n Ilttle
<br />lime-coated Gravel.
<br />Clca-30 to 17 Inches, very pale brown (lOYR 7/3) liwy grnrel
<br />and sand, Pale brown (lOYR G/3) when waist; mas•
<br />live; abrupt, smooth boundary; much coarse, IImE
<br />coated gravel, coated mainly on the underside; very
<br />strongly cnlenreous.
<br />C2-17 to GO caches, relatively Glenn gravel and sued; strongly
<br />calcareous.
<br />The Al horizon raagee from 4 to 8 caches In thickness sad
<br />from gravelly loam to gravelly sandy loam In tezture. The AC
<br />horizoa rnages Prom 5 t0 12 Inches 1n t611?kaesa and 6mdea Into
<br />very 1lmy gravel, These soda become shallower wIW lncrensing
<br />slope.
<br />Cascajo lolls are more gravelly than elWer IInrvey or
<br />Stoneham soils.
<br />Cascajo soils and gravelly land (5 to 20 percent sloppes)
<br />ICaI.-Phis unit is abrnlF, fi0 pcment Casc:g0 suds and ulrrnrt
<br />;JO llot•ccnt very steep, rougly broken areas of grnvel. It
<br />scent's as elongated, ]rresttlarly shaped areas, m;tinly in
<br />the north-central part, lust north of rho John Dfarttn
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